The military potential of the ancient landscape in the valley of Trebižat is the subject of interest of many authors who throughout the history of research, their texts and field excavations, recognized the site of Gračine as the center of the hinterland of the Roman colony of Narona. Numerous gaps in such a conclusion, based on ancient sources, historical circumstances, epigraphic monuments or modest publications of excavated architecture, are partly completed by this work “Roman site at Gračine near Ljubuški; Research 1977.-1980. " A kind of turning point was the organization of the first archaeological excavations at the Gračina site, under the leadership of I. Bojanovski. Unfortunately, the head of the research did not use the opportunity to publish the complete results, he singled out the newly excavated architecture and a few objects. This, of course, prevented the conclusion about the overall picture of the dynamics, significance or development of the complex in Gračine, and in parallel, numerous assumptions or confrontations of opinions about the character and dating of the site were created. In this sense, the main goal of this paper was the typological-comparative processing of the entire movable archaeological material, primarily recorded during systematic archaeological research, and secondarily, material accidentally collected in earlier periods. Such a fund with known results of its chronological, provenance and purposeful purpose aims to reconstruct the needs of the population, life dynamics, purchasing power, potential of local production, but also basic data on the trade and distribution network. Finally, such results, in addition to the well-known positions of material discovery, enabled contextual discussion, ie at least partial creation of the stratigraphic situation, development phases, but also defining the character of the site and its historical-spatial role in the former Roman province of Dalmatia. A total of 3267 fragments were analyzed, of which 754 items were cataloged, classified into basic groups of ceramic, glass, numismatic, metal or bone finds. They are further divided on a typological basis: late republican pottery (Table 1-4), terra sigilata (Table 5-32), thinwalled pottery (Table 33-46), ordinary table ceramic dishes (Table 48-65), kitchen utensils Table 66-107), storage and transport ceramics (Table 108-117), ceramic lamps (Table 118- 122), brick products (Table 123-128), glass products (Table 129-141), numismatic material (Table 142-161), metal finds (Table 162-185), bone finds (Table 186-187). Based on the diagnostic material and its representation, it is possible to assume a chronological framework of the life of the site, which we place at the earliest in the 1st half. of 1st century BC by the end of the 2nd century. Stratigraphic units were much more difficult to define, primarily due to arbitrary excavation layers. In this sense, it is possible to assume only two developmental phases, of which the older (1st century BC) is recorded from the fifth to the older excavation layers. This conclusion also has exceptions, again caused by the passive approach of the excavation methodology. The stamps of production workshops or masters, and finally the specific forms or its decorations, testify to the active trade with the Italian space, a priori northern Italian, and much less often Aegean or southern Gallic workshops. A smaller percentage of kitchen material with specific decorations that collide with the traditions of prehistoric local production of the wider area, can be identified with unknown local or regional workshops. Most of the materials belong to the group of widely available products, while the category of a smaller number of luxury dishes, such as Hellenistic, Sarius, glazed or thin-walled ceramics, can also be singled out. To this should be added an exceptional amount of window glass, used mainly for the needs of a more luxurious complex. Undoubtedly, the military character of the site can be observed through a group of offensive and defensive weapons. The most numerous finds are protective (lorica segmentata, lorica hamata and mixed lorica squamata and hamata; Corbridge and Newstead types) and personal (belt fittings, belt buckles and military aprons) equipment, and less often weapons (spearheads and heels, ballistic missiles and sword scabbards). Numerous horse equipment (distributors, belt fittings, pendants, phaleras, rivets and saddle fittings) also correspond to this group. A special review refers to a number of different interpretations of the excavated architecture. Such difficulties in interpretation were caused due to the partial publication of the research results, but also later interventions on the conservation of architecture. Therefore, a comprehensive revision of the architecture was needed, which was successfully carried out only after the inclusion of the results of new non-destructive geophysical research (2016.-2019.), new archaeological excavations (2017.-2018.) and processing of aerial photographs of the wider area of the Gračine site from the period of 1973. Finally, we recognize a total of five buildings bounded by a perimeter wall of rectangular layout with rounding at the corners (140x110m; N-S/E-W). The facilities are connected by a proper network of internal communications (Securely confirmed communications are the eastern Via sagularis, two communications between the barracks and the command, and part of Via decumana and Via Quintana; presumably Via principalis and Via praetoria) which have an exit oriented to all four corners of the world. The central buildings, known in the old research as "buildings II and III", are actually connected and belong to the praetorian building in the north, or the principia in the south. The physical connection of the praetorium with the building of the principia, as well as the form reminiscent in plan of the earlier villa rusticae, corresponds to the period before standardization which brings about the division of the main administrative buildings. We can compare such a plan with the German camps Markbriet, Haltern and Neuss Camp C, which we date to the August period. We identify the eastern "object IV" as a type of Davison A military barracks that end in a rectangular centurion building. The barracks have 11 rows with two rows of rooms (arma and papilio), and we recognize the identical pattern of the building from the results of geophysics, located from the opposite western communication. Because of its position to the east and parallel to the command buildings, we can again look for an analogy among the plans of the earlier August camps. The last northern building "object I", with the inclusion of the results of geophysics has a somewhat more complete floor plan, but its purpose remains unknown. Finally, the positions of the perimeter wall have been known since ancient research, while its entrances have not been defined. The remains of the northern entrance undoubtedly correspond to large and meticulously worked stone blocks. The question of the moment or the need to establish the Gračine site is based on a compilation of an analysis of ancient sources, historical circumstances, an architectural plan and found movable archaeological material. This position has the initial or at least strategic role and course of natural communication in all Roman-Dalmatian wars since the middle of the 2nd century BC. Kr. until the end of Baton's uprising. Therefore, we can assume that even in late republican times, the Naronitans themselves had a watchtower or military post built to secure their civilian center, regardless of the strategy, interest or development of the Roman army in the broadest sense of the word. The first large military formations came to this area under the command of Caesar's General Vatinius in 45. BC., and reside in the Narona military camp or near Narona. It is obvious that such an army cannot function successfully within the civilian urban center, which is why it is necessary to assume a number of smaller mobile military camps along the war zone with the Delmatians. According to preliminary research on the Mrljanovac cemetery, the pre-Roman population in the Ljubuški region disappeared or lost its traditional values in the middle of the 1st century BC., which is another favorable premise for the location of the intensive presence of the Roman army. Despite that, no datable material has been found at the Gračine site to date, or at least not enough, which would indicate intensive activity at this time. The building tegulas with the QCP PANSIANA stamp, which were previously used for the purpose of connecting with Vatinius camp, are still somewhat younger, and correspond to the consulate of his successors Publius Servius Isauricus (41 BC) or Gaius Asinius Pollio 40 BC), when solid and permanent buildings are possibly built on Gračine. Such facilities were built at the latest during Octavian's campaigns, and the status of a military checkpoint in late Republican times was enhanced by a permanent military camp during Augustus' reign. Such a significant transformation took place after the end of the Pannonian War in the 11th year. BC, when Illyricum was placed under the personal administration of Augustus or at the latest during Baton's uprising of 6.-9. year. Numerous tombstones found in the wider area of Gračine, and commemorated by veterans VII. and XV. Legions who spent up to 33 years of their service, ie one public inscription of the 20th Legion found in Vid. These soldiers were able to take part in the maintenance of a hypothetical Delmatian limes on the Burnum-Andetrium-TiluriumGračine line which would serve for occasional interventions towards the Delmatian tribes. Precisely on the basis of epigraphic findings of material from the Gračine site and a compilation of military tombstones from the wider area of the Ljubuški region, we can propose the following reconstruction of the users. In August time, these are detachments or veteran vexillations of the legion XX., VII. and XV., while later stationed auxiliary units: Cohors I Lucensium equitata (August-Tiberian period), Cohors I Bracaraugustanorum equitata (Claudian-Neronian period), Cohors III Alpinorum equitata (after 65. and through the Flavian period) and Cohors I Belgarum equitata (from 97. at the latest). To this should be added the possibility of veteran vexillation IIII. Legions of Flavia Felix (period from 70. to 86-), but also stays of the legions I and II Adiutrix (2nd century?) and legions of August VIII (after 86.). A monument commemorating one soldier of Legion I and II Adiutrix dates back to the reign of Marcus Aurelius, which could mark the end of the functioning of the Gračine site. Such a conclusion is also based on the majority of movable archaeological material. Younger traces of the ancient population should be expected by researching the presumed Mansio Bigeste road station, located at the Dračevica site in Radišići.