Autoimmune disease called celiac disease is characterized by injuries to the lining of the small intestine and malabsorption of nutrients in genetically sensitive individuals in response to premature wheat gluten. Even after many years of various researches, celiac disease is a challenging condition due to constant new knowledge about pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and possible new therapeutic procedures. History of these rare diseases was the identification of tissue transglutaminase as an autoantigen, which confirmed the autoimmune nature of the disorder. The genetic background informed about the determinant of disease development that occurs due to the contribution of environmental factor. The symptoms of the disease are varied and do not manifest only in the digestive system. They take a small bowel biopsy as the “gold standard” of diagnosis. The only way of treatment for celiac disease is available with strictly gluten-free portions that lead to improved quality of life, relive symptoms and prevent complications. It is extremely important to educate the patient about proper nutrition and lifestyle with celiac disease. There are various associations of celiac patients who are recommended to join new patients.