This paper elaborates the development of Croatian sociology of religion in the time of Yugoslavia throughout the prism of social conditioning. The main issue taken in consideration in the paper is whether and in what way did the severe governmental involvement in social relations influence the theoretical and methodological development of social religion. The main data of sociology formation in Yugoslavia as well as detailed overview of sociology of religion formation is given, contemporary social context and the way in which it reflected sociology of religion is described, and also the way in which sociology of religion went beyond social conditioning. Croatian sociology of religion has been omitted until the end of 50's when it was seen as ideological and phylosophical critic of religion emergence. As a scientific discipline it has been formed at the end of 60's and further developed within the marxist idea. The first signs of Croatian sociology of religion progress were theoretical differentiation of various forms of atheism and questioning the non-religiosity and atheism study hypothesis. Vrcan, Ćimić, Šušnjić and Jukić gave the greatest scientific contribution to this field. The 80's bring questioning of secularization theories and grasp of marxist approach to religion. The end of this paper gives the overview of scientific-research activities of sociology of religion as a sum of social conditioning of theoretical and methodological approach. As a result of social conditioning of development, Croatian sociology of religion lags behind the global tendencies which can be clearly seen in the thematic insufficiency of new religiosity.