There are many studies which have dealt with the psychological functioning of women diagnosed with breast cancer and women who underwent breast surgery, but a very few of them investigated the consequences of the diagnosis and treatment in comparison with a healthy group of women. On the other side, there is only a small number of studies dealing with the psychological functioning of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Croatia. It is important to focus on the impact that cancer has not only on their physical, but also on their mental health because that is the first step towards creating and conducting interventions aimed at improving their quality of life. Thus, the main goal of this study was to investigate some aspects of the psychological functioning of women who had undergone breast surgery due to breast cancer. The study was conducted on two groups of subjects. The first group consisted of 162 women who underwent radical or breast conserving mastectomy between the ages of 28 and 69 (M=47.98). The second group consisted of 156 women who were not diagnosed with breast cancer or any other life-threatening disease. In this group, the subjects were between the 28 and 72 years of age (M=47.60). Statistical analysis showed that the subjects from these two groups didn’t differ in levels of life satisfaction, psychological flourishing, body image and selfperceived sexual attraction. Furthermore, in both groups of subjects, levels of life satisfaction and psychological flourishing were positively correlated with the body image and selfperceived sexual attraction scores. Very important finding from this study is the fact that satisfaction with the social support from different resources was found to be in correlation with all of the explored aspects of psychological functioning. In the end, it was found that the subjects who underwent breast conserving instead of radical breast surgery had a significantly more positive perspective of their body and were more satisfied with their breasts. This could be viewed as an indicator of the advantage of breast conserving prior to radical operation of the breast whenever possible.