This paper has researched the problematics of the mousterian culture in southeastern Europe. It is about a culture which formed during the geological age of pleistocen, and is traditionally placed during the middle paleolithic in between 200 and 25 thousand years ago. This culture as a whole can be viewed trough 3 main characteristics. The first characteristic is the geomorphology of the area which refers to the mousterian culture being dated into the age of four great glacials, which are divided by warm ages known as interglacials. Because of these factors, the age of the mousterian culture is relatively different than our age in terms of climate, plant life and animal life. The second characteristic of the mousterian culture are its carriers. This culture is dated long before the appearance of anatomically modern people and is attributed to the neanderthal. The neanderthal is a humanoid whose anatomic attributes are different than the modern humans attributes which we know today. The third characteristic is material culture. The carriers of this culture used tools made out of different types of rocks, which were turned into usable tools by various technological processes. Other than stone tools, there were bone and wooden tools. The second part of the paper is analyzing the archeological sites in the following countries: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Albania and Greece. As a sample, 35 sites were analyzed to focus specifically on this part of europe compared to other areas on which this culture is spread. The last part of the paper focuses on a detailed analysis of the area and material in southeastern europe. Based on geomorphological characteristics as well as the lythic industry characteristics, we can divide the area into two zones: the continental and the submarine zone. The continental zone is made out of sites from Slovenia, continental Croatia, North Bosnia and Serbia. The main characteristic of this zone is the appearance of Charentian type mousterian. Its main feature is a big usage of sidescrapers compared to other tools and the usage of quartz and quartzite as raw materials. It is best represented on the site of Krapina. The submarine zone is the area which includes whole east Adriatic coast and sites in Albania and Greece. This zone is characterised by two variants: denticulate mousterian and micromousterian. Micro-mousterian is defined by lythic artefacts whose size is not over 5 cm, and the reason for that are bad raw materials. On the other hand denticulate mousterian is characterised by a great usage of denticulate tools, or denticulation of other tools.