This paper deals with the history of the nobility in the Đakovo region in the Middle Ages, analyzing their influence on social, economic, and political processes within the Hungarian-Croatian Kingdom. The central themes of the paper include ownership structures, the relations of the nobility with the church and royal authorities, and the development of administrative and legal institutions. Through a review of historical sources, such as grants, legal documents, and contemporary historiographical literature, special attention is paid to key noble families, such as the Gorjanski and Horvat families, and their role in the political turmoil and economic development of the region. The role of the Đakovo chapter, which, as a significant church institution, had an important influence on legal and social relations at the local level, is also analyzed. The research results show that the nobility in this area played a key role in shaping local history, while interactions between noble families, church institutions, and royal authorities significantly contributed to political and social stability, but also to occasional conflicts. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the medieval history of eastern Croatia, emphasizing the importance of a detailed analysis of local structures for a broader historical picture.