| Sažetak | U radu su obuhvaćeni avarodobni lokaliteti i nalazi s područja grada Vinkovaca, uključujući i kvart Vinkovačko Novo Selo, njegove uže okolice (sela Mirkovci, Andrijaševci, Jarmina i Nuštar) te šire okolice (sela Privlaka i Stari Jankovci). Većina nalaza iz ovog perioda povijesti navedenog područja usko se povezuju uz groblja. U Nuštru, Privlaci i Starim Jankovcima pronađena su kosturna groblja na redove u kojima se ukopavaju pripadnici avarskog, ali i slavenskog stanovništva. Na lokalitetima je primijećeno prilaganje kostiju životinja te keramike u grobovima bez obzira na spol i dob koja su protumačena kao dar pokojniku za zagrobni život ili su usko povezana uz pogrebne rituale kojima se iskazivala počast pokojniku. U muškim grobovima uz odjeću i pripadajuće dijelove nošnje, poput pojasnih garnitura, pronađeni su komadi nakita te oruđe i oružje u manjim količinama. U ženskim grobovima uz nakit zapaženo je prilaganje oruđa poput keramičkih pršljenaca i koštanih iglenica. U Vinkovcima je naveden primjer paljevinskog slavenskog groblja u urnama koji u skladu s običajima ovog dijela stanovništva nema puno priloga. Uglavnom se radi o komadima željeza (primjer dječjeg groba 4). Pokojnici nisu spaljivani na samom lokalitetu, nego negdje u blizini groblja. Jedini primjer potvrđenog naselja jest ono s lokaliteta Stari Jankovci-Gatina koje se nalazi neposredno uz navedeno groblje. Stanovništvo na ovom području živi mirnim načinom života. Provedenim analizama nisu uočeni tragovi nasilnih ozljeda na kostima. Uzgajaju se žitarice poput ječma, prosa, a kasnije pšenice i uzgajaju se životinje. Zaključak ovog rada jest postojanje zajednica Avara i Slavena koji žive u simbiozi na širem području Vinkovaca, sve dok previranja i sukobi s Franačkom nisu doveli do propadanja i nestanka Avarskog Kaganata te posljedično asimilacije Avara sa slavenskim stanovništvom. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | The work includes archaeological sites and finds from the area of the town of Vinkovci, including the Vinkovačko Novo Selo neighborhood, its immediate surroundings (the villages of Mirkovci, Andrijaševci, Jarmina and Nuštar) and the wider surroundings (the villages of Privlaka and Stari Jankovci). Most of the finds from this period of the history of the mentioned area are closely associated with cemeteries. In Nuštar, Privlaka and Stari Jankovci, skeleton cemeteries were found in rows where members of the Avar and Slavic population were buried. In the localities, it was noticed that animal bones and ceramics were placed in graves regardless of gender and age, which were interpreted as a gift to the deceased for the afterlife or were closely related to funeral rituals that paid tribute to the deceased. In men's graves, along with clothes and related parts of traditional wear, such as belt sets, pieces of jewelry, tools and weapons in smaller quantities were found. In women's graves, along with jewelry, tools such as ceramic vertebrae and bone objects for storage of needles were observed. In Vinkovci, there is an example of the Slavic cremation cemetery in urns, which, in accordance with the customs of this part of the population, does not have many items, mostly pieces of iron (example of child's grave 4). The deceased were not cremated on the site itself, but somewhere near the cemetery. The only example of a confirmed settlement is the one from the site Stari Jankovci - Gatina, which is located right next to the mentioned cemetery. The population in this area lives a peaceful lifestyle, no traces of violent injuries were observed on the bones. Cereals such as barley, millet, and later wheat are grown and animals are raised. The conclusion of this paper is the existence of Avar and Slavic communities living in symbiosis in the wider area of Vinkovci, until turmoil and conflicts with the Frankish Empire led to the collapse and disappearance of the Avar Khaganate and, consequently, the assimilation of the Avars with the Slavic population. |
