This paper focuses on the application of the Montessori method in working with children with developmental disabilities, with particular emphasis on the role of didactic materials in promoting their overall development and inclusion. The Montessori method, developed by Italian doctor and educator Maria Montessori, is based on learning through experience and the manipulation of specific materials, allowing children to independently explore and learn within a prepared environment. The paper provides an overview of the history of the Montessori method and explains its basic principles, which are embedded in the Montessori didactic materials. The paper thoroughly discusses key Montessori materials, divided into several categories: materials for practical life exercises, sensory development, language, mathematics, and cosmic education. It also describes various types of developmental difficulties, including visual and hearing impairments, speech and language communication disorders, specific learning disabilities, organ and systemic impairments, intellectual disabilities, as well as behavioral disorders and mental health issues. Montessori pedagogy emphasizes the importance of an individualized approach for each child, adapting the educational environment to their abilities and interests, thus enabling progress according to their needs. A review of the literature and research highlights how Montessori materials, designed to encourage independent exploration and learning, contribute to the development of children's potential and their integration into the community, ensuring their inclusion and holistic development.