| Sažetak | Cilj ovoga završnog rada bio je prikazati egzistencijalne elemente u romanu Mučnina JeanPaula Sartrea. Na samome početku rada prikazana je filozofija egzistencije koja u središte stavlja čovjeka, njegov položaj i odnos prema svijetu. Takva filozofija proučava temeljne pojmove poput tjeskobe i mučnine te sličnih osjećaja koji su u čovjeku izazvani zbog straha od postojanja. U okviru šireg pokreta „filozofije egzistencije“ nastao je i egzistencijalizam. Egzistencijalizam kao pravac možemo podijeliti na kršćanski ili religiozni i ateistički ili nihilistički. Neki od najpoznatijih kršćanskih egzistencijalista bili bi: Søren Aabye Kierkegaard, Gabriel Marcel, a neki ubrajaju i Karla Jaspersa. S druge strane imamo ateističke egzistencijaliste kojima pripadaju Martin Heidegger, Albert Camus te Jean-Paul Sartre. U središnjem dijelu ovoga rada analiziran je egzistencijalizam Jean-Paula Sartrea koji je prikazan u romanu Mučnina. Roman Mučnina objavljen je 1938. godine, a najprije se trebao zvati „Rasprava o kontingenciji“ jer prikazuje besmislenog, bezrazložnog i slučajnog čovjeka. Napisan je u formi dnevnika i opisuje život Antoinea Roquentina za vrijeme boravka u Bouvilleu, gdje svoja istraživanja o markizu de Rollebonu privodi kraju. Upravo u tom gradu Roquentin dolazi do osjećaja „mučnine“ koji ga prati kroz cijeli roman i koji doživljava zbog svojeg postojanja koje je za njega samo prolazno. Svijet oko sebe vidi kao besmislen, a stvari u svijetu, poput oblutka i drveta kestena, kao one koji mu pomažu da dođe do spoznaje o apsurdnoj i tjeskobnoj egzistenciji. Pojmovi poput apsurda, tjeskobe, besmisla, egzistencije, kontingencije i slobode objašnjeni su primjerima iz samog romana te pomoću njih shvaćamo kako je ovo više filozofsko, nego književno djelo. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | The aim of this final work was to present existential elements in the novel Nausea by JeanPaul Sartre. At the beginning of the work, the philosophy of existence is presented, which puts man, his position, and his relationship to the world at the center. Such a philosophy studies fundamental concepts such as anxiety and nausea and similar feelings that are caused in man by fear of existence. Within the broader "philosophy of existence" movement, existentialism also arose. Existentialism as a direction can be divided into Christian or religious and atheistic or nihilistic. Some of the most famous Christian existentialists would be Søren Aabye Kierkegaard, Gabriel Marcel, and some count Karl Jaspers. On the other hand, we have atheist existentialists who include Martin Heidegger, Albert Camus, and Jean-Paul Sartre. In the central part of this paper, the existentialism of Jean-Paul Sartre is analyzed, which is depicted in the novel Nausea. The novel Nausea was published in 1938 and was the first to be called "Treatise on Contingency" because it depicts a senseless, gratuitous, and random man. It is written in the form of a diary and describes the life of Antoine Roquentin during his stay in Bouville, where his research on the Marquis de Rollebon comes to an end. It is in this city that Roquentin experiences a feeling of "nausea" that accompanies him throughout the novel and which he experiences because of his existence, which is only temporary for him. He sees the world around him as meaningless, and things in the world, like pebbles and chestnut trees, as those that help him come to the realization of an absurd and anxious existence. Concepts such as absurdity, anxiety, meaninglessness, existence, contingency, and freedom are explained by examples from the novel itself, and with them we understand that this is more philosophical than literary work. |
