Cataract surgery is one of the most often done treatments worldwide. It is also among the oldest. Along with advancements in cataract surgery techniques, intraocular lens replacement technology has improved. Cataract surgery is one of the most successful treatments in the history of medicine. The normal lens of the eye is a transparent structure linked to the ciliary body by zonular fibers in its original location. A capsule, lens epithelium, cortex, and nucleus make up the lens. The lens's functions include refracting light rays and providing accommodation to focus a clean image on the retina. A cataract is a clouding of the lens that causes vision loss. Cataracts can arise as a result of a variety of situations. However, the most common reason, which is multidimensional, is aging. Tobacco smoking and UV radiation exposure are two preventable risk factors for cataracts. When cataracts begin to seriously impair visual function, cataract surgery is the only option. The reasons and threshold for cataract surgery have clearly switched to eliminating cataracts at a much earlier stage of development, thanks to breakthroughs in surgical techniques and improved safety profiles. Every patient is needed to have laboratory testing, an X-ray of the lungs, and compensation for basic disorders, especially chronic conditions such as arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, prior to cataract surgery.