Adaptation allows a person to adapt to all enviromental conditions. A child adopts and builds behaviour by adapting to the time and place in which it develops. The aim of the research of this thesis is to examine the process of adaptation and socialization of children of nursery age according to the principles of Montessori pedagogy. The process of adaptation and socialization of children was examined with a questionnaire that describes the attitudes of parents and their impressions about the way their child adapts to the group, as well as changes in the child's behaviour during the adaptation and in the period after it ends, both in the group and outside of it. The research was conducted among parents whose children attend the nursery school program DV Montessori Mali cvijetak in Split. Out of a total of twenty-two, twenty parents filled out the survey. The results of the research showed that the process of adaptation is much more successful with the presence of parents, especially in the inital phase of adaptation. Freer behavior of the child in interaction with others, as well as progres in the areas of speech and language development, practical life and sensimotor skills were also determined.