During the First World War Croatian land was affected by great hunger and shortage. In 1917 hunger culminated among people especially in the areas of Istria, Dalmatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Croatia reached the war with weak transport links, particularly in the areas mentioned above who had a poor transport infrastructure. Therefore, during the war appears a big problem of food shortages. In the mentioned areas which are called passive parts was severe drought that destroyed crops. One of the reason was also the lack of male labor force that was often on the front lines so there was no one who can take care of fields. The First World War brought great changes in the field of social action so many humanitarian companies and organizations were created. These organization and companies often organized humanitarian actions who provided help for the most needed such as widows and wives of soldiers, the children of soldiers and soldiers. The greatest of all humanitarian action was saving hungry children from passive parts of Istria, Dalmatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenian coast during The First World War. Children were transferred in richer regions-Croatia and Slavonia. The most responsible for the great success of this humanitarian action were dr. Josip Šilović and dr. Basariček who worked in the committee called “Central terrestrial Committee“. It is important to mention the major role of the Franciscans and their leader Didak Buntić who organized the transportation of the Catholic children mostly from Herzegovina. Except them great help was provided by many wealthy people, ladies who were wives of important officials, priests and teachers. Data show that families in Croatia and Slavonia fostered more than 20 000 hungry children among them were around 3 000 children from Dalmatia.