The paper was created based on the analysis of the geography textbooks for elementary schools created according to the decision on the adoption of the new curriculum for teaching geography in elementary and high schools in the Republic of Croatia. Curriculum was accepted on January 22, 2019. The aim of the paper is to identify and quantitatively and qualitatively analyse the elements of religious identity, which is considered as a part of the cultural identity of the population, and as such to contextualize its importance in the creation of national identities and the role of the teaching geography. The definition and main features of the concept of identity and its involvement in various aspects of people's daily life are presented in the first part of the paper, by studying the available literature. Identity is a process that includes constant construction and deconstruction of meaning in dependence on social relations which creates feeling of belonging to a certain community. Special attention was paid to the issue of religion during which an effort was made to indicate how exactly religion, as an element of connection and creating a sense of belonging, has been a part of people's everyday life since its beginnings. Furthermore, attention is also devoted to the presentation of the concept of religion in the context of the state on the example of the Republic of Croatia. In the second part, there was an analysis of eight geography textbooks for primary schools. During the analysis of the textbooks attention was primarily focused on identifying and analysing elements that generally or specifically refer to some aspect of religiosity and irreligiosity of population and their classification. The obtained results were interpreted and presented in the form of graphical display and were used for further analysis of representation of religious elements in geography textbooks, and indirectly the role of geography as a subject in the creation of national identities. The analysis of the obtained results determined that the largest number of elements of religious identity do not belong to cartographic materials, however the largest number of religious elements are represented through visual materials and textual explanations. The analysis also determined that religious references do not appear exclusively within teaching units on population structures, nor exclusively in the discourse of religion. It was also established that within geography textbooks there are more religious references aimed at Christianity. Considering that the last population census (year 2021) in the Republic of Croatia has shown that there was a reduced number of those who declare their confessional affiliation, which indicates that the period of reduced influence is coming again across religious values the question of changes in understanding the importance and influence of religion in people's daily lives remains open.