In 1746 one of the most important and notable Spanish painters, graphic artists and representatives of Romanticism, Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes, was born. Although during his lifetime he was most distinguished by the creation of portraits, Goya was an exceptional graphic artist whose graphic collections flourished only after his death, while during his lifetime they brought him only financial and social problems. Due to a numeral historical and socio-political circumstances during the French Revolution, Goya’s perspective on life changed drastically, and his oeuvre began to be dominated by works that abound with painful scenes of war disasters, death, violence and rape, and disapproval of the power of the Church and the clergy. Goya collected these horrific scenes in his graphic collections Los Caprichos and Los Desastres de la Guerra, and these collections, besides depicting the events and conditions in Spain during the French Revolution and the Peninsular War, perfectly reflect and evoke Goya’s mental state. In order to explain better the connection between Goya’s art and the socio-political turmoil in Spain, it is very important to take a detailed look at his life, which was by no means easy. Despite the very difficult, painful life and obstacles that Goya faced, this great, hardworking, persistent, innovative and creative artist managed to overcome them all, leaving a permanent mark in the European art history.