The theme of this paper is dealing with the Peasant rebellion of 1573 in contemporary Croatian historiography. It is a period of the early modern age, in which changes took place that affected the peasantry of the time. Numerous countries were affected by peasant rebellions over the taxes they had to pay. A large number of peasant rebellions erupted in the Croatian territory, among which is the famous rebellion of Matija Gupac, which broke out in 1573. This paper will capture the views of wellknown historians who have delved deeper into the analysis of the Peasant Rebellion, and this will be combined with one aspect of this work. Also, paper will try to see how is methodology of research used into the historiography of late socialism and today's historians. The paper presents an overview of older historiography until the mid-20th century, which gave a unique account of the rebellion. Paper then emphasized the conscientious objectors Josip Adamček and Nada Klaić, who, through their works and numerous discussions, produced the meaning of the Peasant rebellion. At the end of the paper, they provide some new insights and approaches to the study of Peasant rebellion in the 21st century. As Matija Gupac's most famous personality is linked to the rebellion, paper shows Gupac as a prominent political symbol in the development of socialism, but also as part of cultural practice within the various manifestations that take place in Zagorje.