INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although in developed countries the incidence of tuberculosis is in decline, due to its occurrence in poorly developed environments and among people with a supressed immune system, tuberculosis still remains a significant public health problem. OBJECTIVES: Present the nurse's role in health care of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis through the application of the health care process and through the implementation of interventions aimed at prevention of tuberculosis. DISCUSSION: To provide quality patient-centred health care for those suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis, nurses should possess clinical, communication and teaching skills, as well as organisational abilities which enables them to coordinate patient care. Nursing interventions refers to the education of patients on the proper method of taking therapy, taking measures to prevent spreading of infection, providing support and asisstance in adapting to the therapeutic regimen. The preventive measures are being take within the primary health care where the results are achieved by recognizing groups with increased risk of illness and by implementing educational programs. Research shows that nurses as a member of a multidisciplinary team have a major influence on tuberculosis control programs which directly affects the reduction in incidence rates. CONCLUSION: The role of nurses in the health care of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is the application of health care process which improves the adaption to the therapeutic regimen and prevents further spread of infection, as well as the implementation of DOTS strategy elements.