The focus of this paper will be placed on the formation and manifestation of multiculturalism. The first part discusses the virtues which are the foundation of certain political ideologies, i.e. according to which a socio-political organization is formed in the community. The concept of tolerance has been singled out as crucial in the observation of recent policies. The emphasis in the second part is on philosophical reflection of a theory of justice. The concepts of justice and equality lead to the issue of human rights and universal law which are supposed to be applicable to all people regardless of race, sex, language, nationality, religion and many other features that delineate the identity of individuals. Globalization, technological progress and increased migration are causes of ever-increasing clashes of cultures, languages, customs, religions, etc., which opened the possibility to the idea of multiculturalism. The third part considers the idea of multiculturalism that has emerged as a prevailing politics of the twentieth century, and has been shown to have its positive and negative aspects. Finally, this led to the strengthening of cultural relativism, which will be discussed in the last part of the paper.