Bladder is a subperitoneal muscular organ whose main purpose is to store urine. Iti s located in the lower part of pelvis when empty, and stretches to suprapubic region. It's a distensible organ and can hold up to 500 mL of fluid whilst being supported by the muscles of the pelvic diaphragm and ligaments connecting to the neck of the bladder. On the anterior side of the bladder there is a pubic symphysis to which the organ is partially fixated to with pubovesical ligament in women and with puboprostatic ligament in men. On its posterior and superior side the bladder is covered with peritoneum that crosses onto the anterior surface of the body of the uterus in women, and onto the rectum in men. Inferior to the bladder a prostate is located in men with seminal vesicle and deferens on the posterior side of the prostate. The bladder is connected to ureters on its superior side and to the urethra on its inferior side. The bladder is made out of 4 parts: apex, body, fundus and neck. Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and eight most common cancer in women. The average age in which bladder cancer is diagnosed is 65 years, it is rarely diagnosed before the age of 40. It affects me 2 to 3 times more than women. Risk factors that lead to the occurrence of a bladder cancer are: exposure to the nicotine smoke, exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, exposure to the gasoline products, exposure to certain chemotherapy agens and fenacetine. The most common symptoms of the bladder cancer are painless gross hematuria, lower back pain, pain while urinating, stomach ache, loss of body weight, urinary tract infections. While most of the European countries are recording a fall in mortality of bladder cancer, Slovenia, Croatia, Bulgaria and some Baltic states are recording a rise in mortality. The most common forms of surgical treatment for bladder cancer are transurethral resection when the tumor is located on the surface and an open or laparascopic surgery when the tumor is invasive. These two methods of operation are being compared through the spectre of effectivness, cost and the operation duration. Laparascopic cystectomy greatly reduces intraoperative bleeding whilst an open cystectomy costs less and takes less time to be performed. The task of a nurse is to implement her knowledge and techniques into the medical care and to actively educate herself on the field of giving the patient the best care possible.