Eyes, the organs apt for sight, enable us to see the world around us. They are situated in the orbit (lat. orbita). The protective apparatus of the eye is composed of the globe of the eye (lat. bulbus oculi), the extraocular muscles, the eyelids (lat. palpebrae) and the lacrimal apparatus. The eye is composed of the aqueous humour, the lens (lat. lens crystallina) and the vitreous body (lat. corpus vitreum). The most common eye problem is the cataract or clouding of the lenses. The visual pathway of the eye starts in the retina and ends in the visual cortex situated in the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex. The physics principles of optics comprehend the mechanism of accommodation, refraction in the eye and astigmatism. The most common problems have to do with refraction in the eye, and they relate to short-sightedness (myopia) and far-sightedness (hypermetropia). In these days, lasers, as a modern approach to surgical eye procedures, are becoming more and more popular. People frequently opt for diopter removal with the LASIK refractive surgery method. Even in glaucoma therapies we encounter the Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT). For cataract surgery, one of the most performed eye surgeries, Femtosecond lasers, Neodymium- YAG lasers and the phacoemulsification procedure are used. The one that is most used is indeed the phacoemulsification procedure. The later comprises of several techniques, therefore we acknowledge the „Divide and conquer “, the „Chip and flip “, the „Stop and chop“ and the „Phaco chop“ technique. A nurse’s role in the phacoemulsification procedure comprises the preoperative preparation of the patient, the postoperative care and in giving the proper instructions and education to patients being discharged. To carry out the process of medical care, which comprises making nursing diagnoses for possible or current patient problems, is of outmost importance.