Archaeology of gender is a discipline that emerged in the 1980s in response to the androcentric approach that prevailed in archeological science before. It arose out of the need to recognize women's role, contribution and perception of the past in archeological research. Margaret W. Conkey and Janet D. Spector made the greatest contribution to the development of this approach with their article "Archeology and the Study of Gender", which highlighted the mistakes in the approach to the study of material culture in the past and offered potential solutions for the future. They state that if we want to authentically represent and understand the past, it is necessary to consider gender as an important factor in constructing it. This means that the notion of gender in historical and prehistoric communities needs to be properly interpreted, taken into account and linked to the material culture we are studying. On the other hand, gender archeology, fueled by social events of the time, above all feminism, ran into danger of politicization to the same extent as was the case in archeological research prior to the emergence of this discipline. An example of this misconception is the study of prehistoric figurines as alleged evidence of the matriarchal structure of prehistory, which has been rejected by all serious scholars. On the other hand, there are numerous positive examples of the application of gender archeology in archaeological research. Problems such as the division of labor, of weapons in unexpected contexts, or assumptions about the role of women in the past have many times been clarified thanks to the use of approaches suggested by gender archeology. While gender archeology has been applied almost routinely in certain countries, this approach to the study of the past has not yet taken hold in Croatia. It is necessary to revise past research, educate archaeologists about the need to recognize gender in the past, and point out the importance of this approach in understanding and conceptualizing a more complete picture of the past, a goal that all archaeologists strive for.