The Ottoman presence in Virovitica begins in 1552 with the fall of the city into the hands of the conquerors. After establishing power in the city, the Ottomans incorporate it into the vast administrative apparatus of the Empire. In this way Virovitica became the center of the kadiluk and nahia of the same name, part of the Požega sanjak and part of the Budim pashalik (later it became part of the Bosnia and later the Kaniža pashalik). As a city on the border of the Ottoman Empire, Virovitica enters the serhat. The military character of the city is also evident in the small archeological material itself. So far, following the results of archaeological excavations, luxury material is completely missing and other small finds include several types of pottery, including Turkish type pipes. Comparative material can be mostly found among finds from Hungary and Serbia. A small amount of metal and glass items were also found. Archaeological excavations have also unearthed architectural remains, but unfortunately none of them can be attributed to the Ottoman period with certainty. Virovitica was conquered again in 1684, when the Ottomans were expelled from that part of Croatia permanently.