| Abstract | Pretilost i prekomjerna težina postali su ozbiljan problem suvremenog društva, intenziviran dolaskom modernog doba. Posebno zabrinjavajuća je rastuća stopa pretilosti među djecom i mladima, koja predstavlja značajan javnozdravstveni problem, što pokazuje podatak da se između 1975. i 2016. godine povećao broj djece i adolescenata s prekomjernom tjelesnom težinom za više od 4 puta. U Hrvatskoj, zadnja ispitivanja provedena 2018./2019. godine, pokazuju prisutnost 20,2 % djece s prekomjernom težinom i 14,8 % pretile djece. Zbog ovih podataka Hrvatska je jedna od pet europskih zemalja koja se suočava s najvećom stopom pretilosti kod djece. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati odnose između tjelesne težine kod djece osnovnoškolske dobi i nekih njezinih korelata kao što su dob i spol djeteta, tjelesna aktivnost i opće samopoštovanje. Također, ispitane su razlike u tjelesnoj aktivnosti i tjelesnoj težini djece osnovnoškolske dobi s obzirom na socioekonomski status obitelji. Istraživanje je provedeno na prigodnom uzorku kojeg čine 199 djece osnovnoškolske dobi (od 9 do 15 godina), od kojih je 104 dječaka i 95 djevojčica. Za mjerenje konstrukata korišteni su: Indeks tjelesne mase, Upitnik ukupne procjene tjelesne aktivnosti djece starije školske dobi, Coopersmithov upitnik samopoštovanja, dok je kao pokazatelj socioekonomskog statusa uzeta razina obrazovanja (osnovna škola, srednja škola, fakultet) majke i oca. Rezultati su pokazali kako starija djeca navode veću tjelesnu težinu, ali ujedno i nižu razinu općeg samopoštovanja, međutim rezultati nisu potvrdili pad tjelesne aktivnosti s dobi. Pokazale su se spolne razlike u samopoštovanju, ali ne i u tjelesnoj težini i tjelesnoj aktivnosti. Otkrivena je značajna pozitivna povezanost tjelesne aktivnosti i općeg samopoštovanja, dok je pad samopoštovanja s porastom tjelesne težine otkriven samo na poduzorku djevojčica. Iznenađujuće, tjelesna aktivnost i tjelesna težina nisu se pokazale značajno povezane. Također, nije utvrđena razlika s obzirom na razinu obrazovanja roditelja u tjelesnoj aktivnosti i tjelesnoj težini. |
| Abstract (english) | Obesity and overweight have become a serious problem in modern society, intensified by the advent of the modern age. Of particular concern is the growing obesity rate among children and youth, which represents a significant public health problem, as shown by the fact that between 1975 and 2016, the number of overweight children and adolescents increased by more than 4 times. In Croatia, the last trials which were conducted in 2018/2019, show the incidence of 20.2% overweight children and 14.8% obese children. Due to these data, Croatia is one of the five European countries facing the highest rate of obesity among children. The aim of this research was to examine the relationship between body weight in primary school-aged children and some of its correlates, such as the age and gender of the child, physical activity and general self-esteem. Also, differences in physical activity and body weight of primary school-aged children were examined in relation to the socioeconomic status of the family. The research was conducted on a random sample consisting of 199 children of primary school age (from 9 to 15 years), of which 104 were boys and 95 were girls. To measure the constructs, the following were used: Body mass index, Questionnaire for the total assessment of physical activity of older school-aged children, Coopersmith's selfesteem questionnaire, while the level of education (primary school, high school, college) of the mother and father was taken as an indicator of socioeconomic status. The results showed that older children reported a higher body weight, but at the same time a lower level of general self-esteem. However, the results did not confirm a decline in physical activity with age. Gender differences were shown in self-esteem, but not in body weight and physical activity. A significant positive association between physical activity and the general level of self-esteem was revealed, while a decrease in self-esteem with an increase in body weight was detected only in the sub-sample of girls. Surprisingly, physical activity and body weight were not found to be significantly related. Also, no difference was found regarding the level of education of the parents in relation to physical activity and body weight. |
