In the 21st century, as the consequence of consumer culture, the availability of information on the Internet, the development of patients' rights and the increase in the number of associations for patients' rights, public expectations towards doctors and the public healthcare system are constantly increasing (Coulter and Magee, 2003). In European countries, due to the growing number of the elderly and the rising costs of medicines and medical equipment, the public health system is overburdened and this is negatively affecting the quality of health care (Coulter and Magee, 2003). Along with the development of bioethics and patients' rights that began intensely in the eighties and nineties (Maehle, 2011; Steinkamp et al. 2007), the relationship between doctors and patients has become the focus of healthcare-oriented research and is also the topic of this thesis. The thesis presents and analyses communication strategies, power relations and social values that come to the fore in the relationships between doctors and patients in the public healthcare system of the Republic of Croatia. One of the methodological approaches used in this thesis is the ethnography of the particular, which means that the voices and characteristics of the interlocutors are heard and represented, thereby avoiding generalization (Abu-Lughod, 1991: 154). This thesis is also a type of the anthropology at home (Peirano, 1998; Potkonjak, 2014) because the author conducts the research on familiar grounds in the city where she grew up and lives, and in the healthcare system in which she herself is a participant. The aim of the study is to explore communication strategies, power relations, and social values that emerge through the experiences of interactions between doctors and patients in the public health system of the Republic of Croatia. The author uses Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical concepts of capital, habitus and field to explore which capitals and habitus influence the relationships, positions, and experiences of participants in the field of medical practice, as well as how power is reproduced and where it is manifested. In addition to encompassing the contemporary social context and cultural values reproduced in the public health system, the analysis relies on rethinking the processes of neoliberalization and their internalization among participants in the field of medical practice, as well as on how these processes affect their experiences. Because of this, special importance is given to narratives of illness and healing, as experiences reconstructed within narratives intertwine with the broader social context and environment, while the narrator positions themselves within various power relations (Hunt, 2000).