This diploma thesis explains the position of the German national minority in post-war Yugoslavia. In the introductory chapters, the context of the settlement of German ethnic groups in the southeastern Hungarian Danube area during the 18th century, is explained. Also, the context of the consolidation of these ethnic-linguistic communities into one ethnic group that will go down in history under the name of Danube Swabians is explained, and the political, cultural and economic aspect of their life in Slavonia and Voivodina is briefly explained until the period after the Second World War, when this ethnic community found itself under the attack of the new communist authorities in Yugoslavia and under the burden of collective guilt. In the central part of this thesis, the process of persecution of Germans in communist Yugoslavia is described, with special reference to their internment in labor, assembly and concentration camps, where ten thousand members of this Yugoslav national minority left their lives. Then, the ideological background of those persecutions was explained with regard to the true goals of the Yugoslav communist peak as well as the ideological postulate of the totalitarian communist ideology that prevailed in Yugoslavia after the Second World War. In the final part related to the implementation of agrarian reform and colonization in Slavonia and Voivodina, it is explained the way in which the Yugoslav state, planned and tendentious, created a changed ethnic structure of the population in those areas as well as the very structure of property relations in the spirit of the socialist revolution. All this led to the fact that this once large and influential ethnic and then national community of half a million simply disappeared from its centuries-old hearths in Pannonia.