| Abstract | Rad se bavi ekokritičkim čitanjem romana Mladenka kostonoga (2020) Želimira Periša i Brod za Issu (2022) Roberta Perišića. Navedenim tekstovima pristupa se iz perspektive ključnih pitanja kojima je zaokupljena ekokritika, a definirala ih je Cheryll Glotfelty (1996), polazeći prije svega od načina na koji je u književnim tekstovima reprezentirana sama priroda, odnos prirode i kulture te ljudskog i neljudskog. Posebno važno ekokritičko pitanje jest i kakav etički i ideološki stav tekstovi zastupaju u pristupu problemu antropocentrizma. Interpretacija romana Mladenka kostonoga polazi od oprečne reprezentacije prostora austrijskog i hrvatskog dijela Habsburške Monarhije te se koncentrira na lik vještice Gile s obzirom na njezinu vezu s prirodom kao „netaknutom divljinom“, odnosno prostorom izvan ljudskog utjecaja. S obzirom na učestale teme problematičnog odnosa muškaraca prema ženama u kojemu se očituje tvrdokorni patrijarhat u Periševu romanu, u interpretaciju se uključuje i ekofeministička perspektiva. Naime, odnos muškaraca prema ženama, kao i odnos ljudskog prema neljudskom u romanu su uokvireni patrijarhalnim stavom potrebe vladanja nad ženom i nad prirodom, čemu se lik vještice Gile radikalno opire. S druge strane, u romanu Brod za Issu zastupljen je širok spektar ekokritičkih problema, najviše kroz likove Vjetropira, dječaka roba Kalije, mačka Miu i magarca Mikra. Prije svega, pripovijedanje je u romanu prepušteno neljudskoj fokalizaciji, liku Vjetropira koji zastupa kritički stav prema ulozi koju je čovjek odigrao u povijesti „pripitomljavanja“ prirode. Kroz odnose dječaka Kalije prema životinjama, naročito s mačkom Miu i magarcem Mikrom, reflektiraju se pitanja slobode i ropstva, odnosno iskorištavanja Drugih. Također, opreka prirode i kulture izoštrena je u odnosu Grka prema Liburnima, preciznije Liburnkama, te Grka prema društvu i prirodi uopće s naglaskom na sukobu aristotelovskih i pitagorejskih stavova i mišljenja. |
| Abstract (english) | The paper deals with an ecocritical reading of the novels Mladenka kostonoga (2020) by Želimir Periš, and Brod za Issu (2022) by Robert Perišić. These texts are analysed from the perspective of the key issues which characterise ecocriticism, as defined by Cheryll Glotfelty (1996), considering first of all the way nature itself is represented in literary texts, the relationship between nature and culture, and between human and non-human. A particularly important ecocritical question is what kind of ethical and ideological position the texts advocate in approaching the problem of anthropocentrism. The interpretation of the novel Mladenka kostonoga is based on the conflicting representation of the Austrian and Croatian parts of the Habsburg Monarchy and concentrates on the character of the witch Gila with regard to her connection with nature as “untouched wilderness”, that is, with space beyond human influence. Given the frequent topics of the problematic relationship between men and women, in which the stubborn patriarchy is manifested in Periš's novel, the interpretation includes an ecofeminist perspective. The relationship between men and women, as well as the relationship between human and non-human, are complemented in the novel by the patriarchal attitude of the need to rule over women and over nature, which the witch Gila radically resists. On the other hand, in the novel Brod za Issu, a wide range of ecocritical problems is represented, mostly through the characters of Vjetropir, the slave boy Kalija, the cat Miu and the donkey Mikro. First of all, the narration in the novel is left to non-human focalisation, the character of Vjetropir who represents a critical attitude towards the role humans have played in the history of the “domestication” of nature. Through the relationship of the boy Kalija with animals, especially with the cat Miu and the donkey Mikro, the issues of freedom and slavery, that is, the exploitation of Others, are reflected. Also, the opposition of nature and culture is expressed in the attitude of Greeks towards Liburnians, more specifically Liburnian women, and Greeks towards society and nature in general, with an emphasis on the conflict between Aristotelian and Pythagorean attitudes and opinions. |
