| Abstract | Dijete komunicira s okolinom na različite načine, a jedan je od njih likovni jezik. Likovnim se stvaralaštvom, ponajprije dječjim crtežom, kod djeteta razvijaju kreativnost, mašta te se dijete razvija u raznim područjima. Svaka starost djeteta ima svoje karakteristike i specifičnosti te nije svako dijete jednako likovno razvijeno u istoj dobi, ali svakako je najvažnije da svako dijete prođe određene faze likovnog stvaralaštva, prije ili kasnije. Tako se razlikuju sljedeće faze likovnog razvoja: izražavanje primarnim, a potom i složenim simbolima, intelektualni realizam te, u konačnici vizualni realizam. Kada dijete usavrši neku od faza, prelazi na sljedeću fazu što je vidljivo iz njegovih likovnih uradaka. Dakle, nije važno trajanje svake pojedine faze već je važno da dijete prođe kroz svaku od faza. Ovaj diplomski rad prikazuje i analizira deset dječjih crteža obitelji nacrtanih crnih flomasterom te deset dječjih crteža najljepšeg dana provedenog s obitelji nacrtanih masnim bojicama (različitih boja) s naglaskom na prikaz ljudskog lika, točnije prikaza obitelji i djeteta. Nakon provedenih analiza tih crteža vidljive su razlike u crtežima djece mlađe i one starije dobi u vidu napredaka u linijama, oblicima i urednosti. Osim toga, dok se neki crteži mogu jednostavno protumačiti, s drugima to nije slučaj. Iako gotovo svi dječji crteži prikazuju pozitivne emocije, u radu je prikazan i jedan koji prikazuje „negativna“ zbivanja u obitelji djevojčice koja ga je nacrtala. Upravo je zato dječji crtež dobar izbor za izražavanje djetetovih osjećaja te otkrivanje eventualnih problema kod njega. |
| Abstract (english) | The child communicates with the environment in different ways, and one of them is visual language. Creativity and imagination, primarily children’s drawing, develop in a child through artistic creation, and the child develops in various areas. Each age of a child has its own characteristics and specifics, and not every child is equally artistically developed at the same age, but it is certainly most important that every child goes through certain stages of artistic creation, sooner or later. Thus, the following stages of artistic development are distinguished: expression with primary and then complex symbols, intellectual realism and, finally, visual realism. When the child perfects one of the stages, he moves on to the next stage, which is evident from his artwork. Therefore, the duration of each individual phase is not important, but it is important that the child goes through each of the phases. This thesis shows and analyzes ten children's drawings of families drawn with black felt-tip pens and ten children's drawings of the most beautiful day spent with family drawn with crayons (different colors) with an emphasis on the depiction of the human figure, more precisely the portrayal of the family and the child. After the analysis of those drawings, differences in the drawings of younger and older children are visible in the form of progress in lines, shapes and neatness. Additionally, while some drawings can be easily interpreted, others are not. Although almost all children's drawings show positive emotions, the work also shows one that shows "negative" events in the family of the girl who drew it. The girl, unfortunately, is facing the trauma of abuse, which she showed in her drawing, and she wanted to talk a little about it. It is very important for the teacher to talk to the children, monitor and analyze their drawings because they indicate how they feel and what state they are in, which children usually don't want to talk about. This is exactly why a children's drawing is a good choice for expressing the child's feelings and discovering possible problems with him. |
