Title Zdravstvena njega bolesnika oboljelih od kolorektalnog karcinoma Title (english) Nursing care for patients who are suffering from colorectal cancer Author Martina Marić Mentor Ivo Klarin (mentor)Committee member Dario Nakić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Ivo Klarin (član povjerenstva)Committee member Melanija Ražov Radas (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zadar Defense date and country 2022-10-19, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Kolorektalni karcinom najčešća je zloćudna novotvorina probavnog trakta. Zahvaća dio ili cijeli opseg crijevne stijenke. U Hrvatskoj je drugi vodeći uzrok mortaliteta. Prema epidemiološkim podatcima iz 2020.g. u Zadarskoj županiji je umrlo 32 muškarca i 22 žene. Incidencija prosječno iznosi 50-60 na 100 000 ljudi godišnje. Nakon navršenih 40 godina života rizik od razvoja kolorektalnog karcinoma značajno raste, a većina karcinoma (90%) otkriju se kod osoba starijih od 70 godina. Karcinomi su
... More najčešće asimptomatski sve do faze uznapredovale bolesti. Može se pojaviti svježa krv u stolici, iako je češće okultno krvarenje koje uzrokuje sideropeničnu anemiju zbog povećeg gubitka željeza. Postepeni rast tumora ponekad dovodi do simptoma poput opstipacije, opstrukcije debelog crijeva, promjena u crijevnim navikama, a kod uznapredovale bolesti izaziva ileus uz miserere, povraćanje fekalnog sadržaja. Najčešće se koristi klasifikacija po Dukesu i TNM klasifikacija koje prikazuju stupanj proširenja karcinoma debelog crijeva. Važnost programa probira odnosi se na testiranje osoba bez simptoma kako bi otkrivanje potencijalne bolesti bilo u samom početku. Naglasak je na ranom otkrivanju kolorektalnog karcinoma jer će rezultati liječenja biti uspješniji. Dijagnoza se potvrđuje kolonoskopijom, odnosno biopsijom. Kolorektalni karcinom liječi se multidisciplinarno, a način liječenja ovisi o lokalizaciji, proširenosti karcinoma te i njegovoj veličini. Prvi izbor terapije je kirurško liječenje, a potom i kemoterapija i/ili zračenje. Poslijeoperativna zdravstvena njega bolesnika usmjerena je na otklanjanje tjelesnih simptoma (bol, mučnina, povraćanje), uočavanje i sprječavanje poslijeoperacijskih komplikacija (tromboembolija, krvarenje, upala pluća), edukacija pacijenata i njihove obitelji. Posebna pažnja se pridodaje njezi stome, prehrani te povratku svakodnevnim životnim aktivnostima. Prvostupnica sestrinstva uz pomoć znanja, vještina, iskustva i holističkog pristupa pomaže pacijentu u tijeku liječenja i oporavka. Less Abstract (english) Colorectal cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm of the digestive tract. It affects part or the entire circumference of the intestinal wall. It is the second leading cause of mortality in Croatia. According to epidemiological data from 2020. 32 men and 22 women died in Zadar County. The average incidence is 50-60 per 100,000 people per year. After the age of 40, the risk of developing colorectal cancer increases significantly, and most cancers (90%) are detected in people over 70
... More years of age. Carcinomas are usually asymptomatic until the stage of advanced disease. Fresh blood may appear in the stool, although occult bleeding is more common, causing sideropenic anemia due to increased iron loss. The gradual growth of the tumor sometimes leads to symptoms such as constipation, obstruction of the large intestine, changes in bowel habits, and in advanced disease it causes ileus with miserere, vomiting of fecal contents. The Dukes classification and the TNM classification, which show the degree of extension of colon cancer, are most often used. The importance of the screening program refers to the testing of people without symptoms in order to detect a potential disease at the very beginning. The emphasis is on early detection of colorectal cancer because the results of treatment will be more successful. The diagnosis is confirmed by colonoscopy or biopsy. Colorectal cancer is treated multidisciplinary, and the method of treatment depends on the location, spread of the cancer and its size. The first choice of therapy is surgical treatment, followed by chemotherapy and/or radiation. Postoperative health care of patients is focused on eliminating physical symptoms (pain, nausea, vomiting), detecting and preventing postoperative complications (thromboembolism, bleeding, pneumonia), educating patients and their families. Special attention is paid to stoma care, nutrition and return to daily life activities. A bachelor's degree in nursing, with the help of knowledge, skills, experience and a holistic approach, helps the patient in the course of treatment and recovery. Less Keywords
kolorektalni karcinom
debelo crijevo
rano otkrivanje
prevencija
zdravstvena njega
dijagnostika
Keywords (english)
colorectal cancer
colon
early detection
prevention
health care
diagnostics
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:172431 Study programme Title: Nursing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2022-11-14 12:10:33
