This paper describes the background, causes, course, and consequences of the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. The first part of the paper contains the historical background of the Rebellion. At the beginning, the history of the Mughal Empire and the consequences of its decadence are briefly described. Then, the establishment of the British East India Company’s authority over India, the model of its administration, and the relationship with Indian culture and customs are presented. The second part of the paper follows the events that preceded the Mutiny, its outbreak and spread. This section contains an account of the movements of armies and battles, as well as the motives of the main leaders of the Mutiny. The last two chapters of this paper contain the collapse of the Rebellion and a brief analysis of its failure, and the consequences of the Mutiny - the end of the Mughal Empire, the abolition of the East India Company and the establishment of a new system of British rule in India.