Title Odnos anksioznosti i radnog pamćenja: podjela resursa centralnog izvršitelja
Title (english) The relationship between anxiety and working memory: the division of the resources of the central executive
Author Božena Bašić
Mentor Lozena Ivanov (mentor)
Committee member Lozena Ivanov (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Matilda Nikolić Ivanišević (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Andrea Tokić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zadar (Department of Psychology) Zadar
Defense date and country 2020-10-06, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline SOCIAL SCIENCES Psychology General Psychology
Abstract Anksioznost, kao stanje i kao crta ličnosti, je već neko vrijeme bila fokus u istraživanjima pristranosti pažnje. Više puta se utvrdilo da je ljudska moć detekcije vizualnih podražaja vrlo visoka i to do razina poput uspješne detekcije vrlo kratkog pojavljivanja podražaja od 100 milisekundi. Međutim, u kojem trenutku se pristranost točno javlja, još nije u potpunosti razjašnjeno. Neki autori sugeriraju da se pristranost pažnje događa već pri ranim, automatskim fazama procesiranja podražaja, dok neki drugi govore kako se pristranosti događaju tek na višim, svjesnijim razinama kognicije. Pristranost pažnje, u kontekstu anksioznosti i njenog utjecaja na izvedbu, se odnosi na veće usmjeravanje i zadržavanje pažnje na prijetećim podražajima nevezanim za zadatak. Jedna od funkcija centralnog izvršitelja, inhibicija, tad ima posebno važnu ulogu, a to je zakočiti dominantan, automatski odgovor na prijeteći podražaj i vratiti pažnju natrag na zadatak. Kod anksioznijih osoba, mehanizam inhibicije je slabiji naspram manje anksioznih, stoga taj proces troši određen dio resursa centralnog izvršitelja koji se inače mogao utrošiti na samo rješavanje zadatka. Jedan od načina kojim obilježavamo trošak resursa centralnog izvršitelja je vrijeme reakcije. U slučaju interferencija prilikom izvedbe zadatka, anksioznije osobe pokazuju pristranosti pažnje bržom detekcijom i dužim zadržavanjem na prijetećem podražaju. Dot-probe zadatak se pokazao efikasnom instrumentom pri dijagnosticiranju takvih pristranosti u percepciji. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi odnos anksioznosti i radnog pamćenja, odnosno stanja i crte anksioznosti i pristranosti na averzivne podražaje prilikom izvedbe zadatka. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 47 studentica, prve i druge godine preddiplomskog studija psihologije u Zadru, prosječne dobi 21 godine. Obradom rezultata nije utvrđena razlika između vremena reakcije na metu kad se pojavljivala nakon averzivnih podražaja i kad se pojavljivala nakon apetitivnih podražaja, kao ni povezanost mjera anksioznosti i mjera efikasnosti radnog pamćenja.
Abstract (english) Anxiety, as a state or as a personality trait, has been for quite some time in the focus of attention bias research. It has been proven many times that the human power of detecting visual stimuli is very high, even at a levels of the successful detection of a very short stimulus of 180 milliseconds. However, when exactly the attentional bias actually occurs, it is not yet fully understood. Some authors suggest that attention bias already occurs at the early, automatic stages of stimulus processing, while others say that bias occurs only at higher, more conscious levels of cognition. Attention bias, in the context of anxiety and its impact on performance, refers to the greater focus and retention of attention on threatening stimuli that is unrelated to the task. One of the functions of the central executive, the inhibition, plays a particularly important role in that case, and that is to inhibit the dominant, automatic response to the threatening stimulus and to return attention back to the task. In more anxious people, the mechanism of inhibition is weaker compared to less anxious, so this process consumes a certain part of the resources of the central executive that could otherwise be spent on solving the task itself. One of the ways we mark the cost of a central executor’s resources is response time. In the case of interference during task performance, more anxious individuals show attention biases by faster detection and longer retention on threatening stimuli. The dot-test task has proven to be an effective tool in diagnosing such attentional biases in perception. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between anxiety and working memory, ie the state and traits of anxiety and the bias on aversive stimuli during the performance of the task. The study involved 47 female students, first and second year of undergraduate studies in psychology in Zadar, with an average age of 21 years. The results did not determine teh significant difference between the reaction time at the target when it appeard after aversive stimuli and when it appeard after appetizing stimuli, nor did it show the connection between anxiety measures and measures of efficiency of the working memory.
Keywords
anksioznost
stanje anksioznosti
crta anksioznosti
centralni izvršitelj
kognitivna briga
podjela resursa
inhibicija
Keywords (english)
anxiety
state of anxiety
anxiety personality trait
central executive
cognitive worry
resource division
inhibition
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:145691
Study programme Title: Psychology Study programme type: university Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) psihologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) psihologije)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
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Created on 2020-12-09 12:25:09