Title Egipatska magija i praznovjerje u rimskoj provinciji Dalmaciji Title (english) Egiptyian magic and superstition in Roman province of Dalmatia Author Tena Gatjal Mentor Ivana Jadrić-Kučan (mentor)Committee member Željko Miletić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Ivana Jadrić-Kučan (član povjerenstva)Committee member Igor Borzić (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zadar Defense date and country 2020-09-15, Croatia Scientific / art field, HUMANISTIC SCIENCES Abstract U ovom radu govori se o načinu infiltracije egipatske religije i magije na prostore nekadašnje rimske provincije Dalmacije. Egipatske smo utjecaje vidjeli još kod Grka, odakle je putem kolonizacije došla i na naša područja. Prve pojave vidimo već tijekom 1. stoljeća i odnose se na kult božice Izide. Pojavom kršćanstva, svi orijentalni utjecaji se smanjuju i usmjeravaju na manje skupine entuzijasta. Rimski Senat u početku nije prihvaćao egipatske bogove, pa su privrženici novim kultovima protjerani van grada. Istočnjački bogovi polako ulaze u državnu religiju u vrijeme dinastije Flavijevaca. Kada su rimski vladari počeli prihvaćati nova božanstva, egipatska religija se počela prihvaćati i u narodu. Egipćani su svojim jedinstvenim stilom ostavili trag na našoj obali raznovrsnim amuletima i božanstvima koja su sinkretizmom s rimskom kulturom tvorili nove oblike kultova i praznovjerja. Kod nas se pojavljuju: falusi, uđati, bule, skarabeji i ušebtiji. Koristili su se za tjelesno zdravlje, zaštitu od uroka, te liječenje od raznih bolesti. Amuleti su mogli biti ukosnice, privjesci, lančići, pa čak i koštane igle. Dokazi prisustva egipatske religije ostali su zabilježeni i na mnogobrojnim spomenicima i skulpturama podizanim u čast njihovih bogova: Izide, Ozirisa, Serapisa, Harpokrata, Anubisa, Hepere i mnogih drugih. Na području Jadranske obale se također pojavljuju nalazi vezani uz carske palače poput one u Saloni. Dioklecijan je svojim utjecajem ostavio velik utisak egipatskog kulta na Dioklecijanovoj palači. Tu su nalazi poput kaseta s prikazom bika i ovna koji simboliziraju bogove Apisa i Amona, te 2 sfinge koje se nalaze sa samom pročelju peristila. Tu se također pojavljuju i demoni kao što je Bes – groteskni patuljak koji je predstavljao zaštitnika kuće i obitelji. Egipatski je utjecaj prošao mnogobrojne dalmatinske gradove i otoke, a najviše je utjecaja ostavio na području Salone i Iadera.
Abstract (english) This paper will discuss the manner of infiltration by Egytian religion and magic on the Dalmatian coast. We already saw Egyptian influences on the Greeks, from which it came to our territories through colonization. We see the first appearances as early as the 1st century through the phenomenon- cult of Isis. When Chritianity started to spread, all Oriental influences were diminished directed to smaller group of enthusiasts. The Roman Senate initially did not accept Egyptian gods, so followers of the new cult were exiled from the city. Eastern gods slowly entered the state religion during the Flavian dynasty. When Roman rulers began to accept new deities, Egyptian religion was also accepted by the people. With their unique style, Egyptians left a mark on our coast with various amulets and deities, who in syncretism with Roman culture formed new cults and areas of superstition. In our country there are a lot of amulet slike phalluses, ujati, bule, scarabs and shawabti. People used it for cure and protection against dark magic. Amulets could be formed like hairpins, necklaces, pendants and even bone needles. Evidence of presence of the Egyptian religion has been recorded on numerous monuments and sculptures erected in honor of their gods: Isis, Osiris, Serapis, Harpocrates, Anubis, Hepera and many others. Finds related to empirial palaces such as the one in Salona also appear on the Adriatic coast. Diocletian left a great mark of egyptian culture on Diocletian´s palace. There were finds such as cassettes depicting a bull and a ram symbolizing Apis and Amon and two sphinxes located at the very front of the peristyle. Demons such as Bes-a grotesque dwarf who was represented as protector of the house and family also appear in few findings. Egyptian influence passed through many Dalmatian towns and islands, leaving the most influence in the area of Salona and Iader.
Keywords
provincija Dalmacija
Egipat
Izida
kultovi
amuleti
praznovjerje
magija
Salona
Iader
Keywords (english)
of Dalmatia
Egypt
Isis
cults
amulets
superstition
magic
Salona
Iader
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:850404 Study programme Title: Archaeology Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2020-11-16 11:38:47
