Title Zdravstvena njega bolesnika oboljelih od hipertireoze Title (english) Nursing care in patients with hyperthyroidism Author Martina Salama Mentor Dario Nakić (mentor)Committee member Ivo Klarin (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Dario Nakić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Kristina Bačkov (član povjerenstva) Granter University of Zadar Defense date and country 2020-09-28, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Hipertireoza je stanje hiperfunkcije štitnjače, a nastaje zbog pretjeranog lučenja hormona štitnjače (1). Rizici obolijevanja od hipertireoze su dugotrajno psihičko opterećenje, stres, namjerno i naglo snižavanje tjelesne mase, viroza, te autoimuni proces (morbus Basedowi, rijetko morbus Hashimoto) u kojemu organizam iz nepoznatih razloga stvara antitijela (imunoglobuline) koja stimuliraju štitnjaču, što može biti i genetska predispozicija. Klinički znakovi hipertireoze variraju od
... More asimptomatskih oblika do klasične slike Basedowljeve bolesti. Bolesnici se javljaju odabranom liječniku zbog nervoze, nemira, razdražljivosti, umora ili krajnje malaksalosti, nesanice, pojačanog znojenja, nepodnošenja vrućine, osjećaja gušenja, palpitacija, teškog podnošenja napora i ispadanja kose. Bez obzira na pojačani apetit, mršave, mokrenje i stolica su učestali, česte su pojave proljeva, žeđaju, često se žale na amenoreju, oligomenoreju, moguć je i sterilitet. Promjene na očima ima 50% bolesnika, ukočen pogled, sjajne oči, katkad ispupčene očne jabučice. Ponekad su prisutni bol i nelagodu u vratu, praćenu s pojavom guše, koja je različite veličine, uglavnom glatka, elastična. Muškarci katkad imaju ginekomastiju. Jetra, limfni čvorovi i slezena mogu biti povećani. U teškim slučajevima dolazi do manije, psihoze i u starijih osoba demencije. Smetnje mogu nastati naglo ili postupno i podmuklo (2). Hipertireoza se može liječiti medikamentima (lijekovima), kirurškim uklanjanjem štitnjače ili liječenje radioaktivnim jodom (3). Cilj liječenja je tretirati probleme koji su nastali kao posljedica bolesti štitnjače, prevenirati daljnje oštećenje i osigurati odgovarajuću njegu. Medicinska sestra ima važnu ulogu u zdravstvenoj skrbi pacijenata oboljelih od hipertireoze, a ista se odnosi na prikupljanje anamnestičkih podataka i prepoznavanje problema, određivanje sestrinskih problema i planiranje adekvatnih intervencija za svakog pacijenta. Medicinska sestra sudjeluje u edukaciji kako pacijenata tako i članova obitelji o samoj bolesti. Cilj rada je predstaviti proces zdravstvene njege kod bolesnika oboljelih od hipertireoze, ukazati na važnost i ulogu medicinske sestre koja skrbi za pacijente oboljele od hipertireoze. Less Abstract (english) Hyperthyroidism is a condition that occurs due to excessive secretion of thyroid hormones (1). Risk factors for hyperthyroidism are long-term mental stress, stressful situations, intentional and sudden weight loss, viruses, and the autoimmune process (Morbus Basedowi, rarely Hashimoto's morbus) in which the body for unknown reasons produces antibodies (immunoglobulins) that stimulate the thyroid gland, that can also be the one with a genetic predisposition. The clinical picture of
... More hyperthyroidism varies from asymptomatic forms to the classic picture of Basedow's disease. Patients complain of nervousness, restlessness, irritability, fatigue to the point of extreme fatigue, insomnia, increased sweating, intolerance to heat, a feeling of suffocation, palpitations, difficulty tolerating exertion, hair loss. Despite the increased appetite of the skinny, urination and stools are frequent, frequent diarrhea, thirst, often complain of amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, sterility is also possible. Changes in the eyes have 50% of patients, stiff gaze, bright eyes, sometimes bulging eyeballs. Sometimes there is pain and discomfort in the neck, accompanied by the appearance of goiter, which is of different sizes, mostly smooth, elastic. Men sometimes have gynecomastia. The liver, lymph nodes, and spleen may be enlarged. In severe cases, mania, psychosis and dementia occur in the elderly. Disorders can occur suddenly or gradually and insidiously (2). Hyperthyroidism can be treated with medication, with surgical removal of the thyroid, or with a treatment with radioactive iodine (3). The main goal of therapy is to treat complication of thyroid disease, prevent further damage, and provide proper care. The nurse has a major role in the health care of patients with hyperthyroidism, she refers to the collection of anamnestic data, identifying problems, determining nursing problems and planning adequate interventions for each patient. The nurse participates in educating both patients and family members about the disease itself. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the process of health care in patients with hyperthyroidism, point out the importance and role of the nurse who cares for patients with hyperthyroidism. Less Keywords
hipertireoza
medicinska sestra
zdravstvena njega
štitnjača
hormoni
uzrok hipertireoze
Keywords (english)
hyperthyroidism
nurse
health care
thyroid
hormones
cause of hyperthyroidism
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:734027 Study programme Title: Nursing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2020-11-13 10:07:02
