Self-handicapping is an important area of study because of its frequency and its negative impact on the achievements of people who use it. Its use is particularly noticeable in the academic context, and this is why this research was conducted in school with the main aim to examine relationship between self-handicapping, intelligence and self-concept clarity in the situation when students face failure on the intelligence test. In the study participated a total of 51 second grade students from high school in Zadar. Intelligence was measured twice by A and B form of Test nizova (Pogačnik, 1997). Before second measurement students were given negative feedback which contained information about failure on the first intelligence test. Afterwards they had the opportunity to use claimed and behavioural self-handicapping strategies. Additionaly, we used Academic self-handicapping scale (from PALS, Midgley et al., 2000), Self-concept clarity scale (Campbell et al., 1996) and BIS scale (Carver & White, 1994). Resultes of this research showed differences in the result on the second intelligence test, incremental theory, claimed self-handicapping and self-assesment of intelligence between students who use behavioral self-handicapping strategy highly, moderately and slightly/not use it. On the other side, difference was not found for self-concept clarity, BIS sensitivity, entity theory and academic self-handicapping between those groups. No statistically significant relation has been established between different measures of selfhandicapping. Behavioural self-handicapping is positively correlated with self-assessment of intelligence, result on second intelligence test and incremental theory, while claimed selfhandicapping is correlated with self-concept clarity and BIS sensitivity. Sex, self-assessment of intelligence, implicit theories of intelligence and self-concept clarity have not been found significant predictors of claimed, behavioural and academic selfhandicapping. The only significant predictor of claimed self-handicapping is BIS sensitivity.