| Abstract | Akne spadaju u kožnu bolest koja najviše pogađa osobe u razdoblju puberteta, kada se zbivaju najveće psihičke i socijalne promjene. Novija istraživanja pokazala su da sve više osoba koje nisu u pubertetu također imaju akne (Dharshana i sur., 2016). Ljudi ponekad nakon što opaze promjene na bolesnikovoj koži postanu rezervirani, njihov stav prema takvim osobama postane odbojan, ili osjećaju strah od mogućeg prijenosa bolesti. Osobe s aknama imaju vidljive promjene na različitim dijelovima tijela i zbog toga mogu postati nesigurni u svom ponašanju, mogu promijeniti percepciju o sebi, često misleći da ne odgovaraju „standardu ljepote“ koji se nameće oko njih. Njihovi socijalni odnosi bivaju narušeni i to najviše sa osobama suprotnog spola, aktivnosti se svode na minimum jer bi koža možda mogla biti izložena različitim pogledima, što često može izazvati anksioznost, depresiju i stres koji ugrožava integritet samog pojedinca. Takve promjene nažalost mogu često umanjiti kvalitetu života oboljelih ali i uzrokovati promjenu njihovog psihičkog stanja. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati razlike u kvaliteti života, samopoštovanju, prisutnosti simptoma anksioznosti, depresivnosti, stresa između osoba koje imaju akne i onih koje nemaju. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 216 ispitanica od kojih je njih 108 imalo akne. Kvaliteta života ispitivana je Dermatološkim indeksom kvalitete života (DLQI) (Finlay i Khan, 1994), najpraktičnijim i najšire primjenjivanim općim indeksom za kvantitativno izražavanje kvalitete života dermatoloških bolesnika. Skalom depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa (DASS-21) (Lovibond i Lovibond, 1995) ispitivana je depresivnost, anksioznost i stres, dok se samopoštovanje ispitivalo Rosenbergovom skalom samopoštovanja (Rosenberg, 1965). utvrđeno je da ispitanice s aknama imaju smanjenu kvalitetu života, te povećano doživljavanje anksioznosti, depresivnosti i stresa u odnosu na one ispitanice koje nemaju akne. Nisu utvrđene razlike u samopoštovanju između ove dvije skupine ispitanica. Ispitanice koje imaju blagi oblik akni imaju smanjenu kvalitetu života, te povećano doživljavanje anksioznosti, depresivnosti u odnosu na one ispitanice koje nemaju akne. Nadalje, s obzirom na stanje kože utvrđeno je kako one ispitanice koje imaju srednje teški do teški oblik akni imaju sniženu kvalitetu života i samopoštovanje, te povećan doživljaj anksioznosti, depresivnosti i stresa u odnosu na one ispitanice koje nemaju akne. Također je dobiveno kako ispitanice koje imaju srednje teški do teški oblik akni imaju sniženo samopoštovanje i kvalitetu života te povećano doživljavanje stresa u odnosu na one ispitanice koje imaju blagi oblik akni. Nisu utvrđene razlike u kvaliteti života, samopoštovanju te doživljavanju anksioznosti, depresivnosti i stresa s obzirom na dijelove tijela zahvaćene aknama. S obzirom na trajanje akni utvrđeno je kako one ispitanice koje imaju akne 6 mjeseci do godine dana doživljavaju i više anksioznosti i više stresa od ispitanica koje imaju akne manje od 6 mjeseci i onih koje akne imaju 2 do 5 godina. Svi dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na to kako akne itekako imaju negativni utjecaj na pojedinca sugerirajući time kako je važno ispitati kako pacijent doživljava stanje svoje kože. U liječenju akni trebala bi se uz procjenu dermatologa uzeti u obzir i procjena psihologa. |
| Abstract (english) | Acne is a common skin disorder that most commonly affects young people at puberty when they are exposed to the greatest psychological and social changes. Recent studies have shown that there are more and more people who are not in puberty also have acne (Dharshana i sur., 2016). People sometimes notice changes on the skin of patients and because of that they become reserved, repulsive, or feel the fear of possible transmission of the disease. People with acne have changes in visible parts of the body and in response to that they become insecure, change their perception of themselves, feel that they do not fit in the "beauty standard" imposed to their environment. Their social relations, primarily with people of the opposite sex, are shrinking, they reduce activities in which other people may look at their skin which can cause anxiety, depression and stress that endangers the psychosocial integrity of an individual. Such changes can significantly reduce the quality of life of the affected person and lead tochanges in their mental state. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in the quality of life, self-esteem, the presence of symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress of people with acne and those who have no acne. The study involved 216 subjects, of whom 108 had acne. The quality of life was tested by the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) ( Finlay and Khan, 1994), the most practical and widely applied general index for quantitative expression of the quality of life of dermatological patients. With Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) (Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995) was examined depression, anxiety and stress while self-esteem was investigated by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). It has been established that peoplewith acne have reduced quality of life and increased experience of anxiety, depression and stress compared to those without acne. There were no differences in self-esteem between these two groups of subjects. People with mild acne have reduced quality of life and increased experience of anxiety and depression compared to those without acne. Furthermore, considering the skin condition, it has been established that people with moderate to severe acne have a decreased quality of life and self-esteem, and increased anxiety, depression and stress experience compared to those without acne. It is also found out that subjects with moderate to severe acne have decreased self-esteem and quality of life and increased stress experience compared to those with mild acne. No differences were found in the quality of life, self-esteem and anxiety, depression and stress in relation to the parts of the body covered with acne. Considering the duration of acne, those people who have acne 6 months to a year experience more anxiety and more stress than those who have acne less than 6 months and those who have acne 2 to 5 years. All the obtained results indicate that acne has a negative impact on the individual, suggesting that it is important to examine how the patient experiences the condition of their skin. In the treatment of acne, the estimation of the dermatologist and also of the psychologist should be taken into consideration. |
