| Abstract | Bolesti ovisnosti predstavljaju jedan od najvećih javnozdravstvenih problema suvremenog društva, obuhvaćajući različite oblike ovisničkog ponašanja, uključujući ovisnost o alkoholu, drogama, kockanju, internetu i drugim aktivnostima ili supstancama. Ovisnost ne utječe samo na pojedinca, već ima dalekosežne posljedice na obitelj, zajednicu i zdravstveni sustav. Zdravstvena njega bolesnika s bolestima ovisnosti zahtijeva cjelovit i multidisciplinarni pristup, koji obuhvaća sve faze oporavka: od dijagnoze, liječenja i rehabilitacije do resocijalizacije bolesnika. Medicinske sestre imaju važnu ulogu u ovome procesu, sudjelujući u prevenciji, edukaciji, savjetovanju te pružanju emocionalne podrške bolesnicima i njihovim obiteljima. Medicinske sestre prepoznaju rizične skupine, provode mjere primarne i sekundarne prevencije te osiguravaju neposrednu njegu bolesnika u različitim fazama bolesti. Posebno su važne u edukaciji o štetnim učincima ovisnosti i poticanju promjene ponašanja te promicanju zdravih životnih navika. S obzirom na to da je liječenje često složeno i dugotrajno, nužan je individualizirani pristup koji uzima u obzir fiziološke, psihološke i socijalne aspekte bolesti. Medicinske sestre surađuju s liječnicima, psiholozima, socijalnim radnicima i drugim stručnjacima kako bi osigurale sveobuhvatnu skrb. Uloga medicinskih sestara uključuje provođenje ordinirane terapije, praćenje fizičkog i psihičkog stanja bolesnika te pružanje kontinuirane psihosocijalne podrške, koja je važna za postizanje i održavanje apstinencije. Najčešći izazovi u radu s bolesnicima uključuju njihovu nevoljkost za započinjanje i održavanje liječenja te mogućnost recidiva, stoga je ključno uspostaviti povjerenje i motivirati bolesnike za trajnu promjenu. Stručnošću, empatijom i profesionalnim pristupom, medicinske sestre značajno doprinose uspješnom oporavku i reintegraciji bolesnika u društvo, pružajući medicinsku i psihološku podršku. |
| Abstract (english) | Addiction diseases represent one of the major public health issues in contemporary society, encompassing various forms of addictive behaviors, including addiction to alcohol, drugs, gambling, the internet, and other activities or substances. Addiction affects not only the individual but also has far-reaching consequences for the family, community, and healthcare system. The healthcare of patients with addiction diseases requires a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach, covering all stages of recovery: from diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation to the resocialization of patients. Nurses play a crucial role in this process, participating in prevention, education, counseling, and providing emotional support to patients and their families. Nurses identify at-risk groups, implement primary and secondary prevention measures, and provide immediate care for patients at various stages of the disease. They are particularly important in educating about the harmful effects of addiction, encouraging behavioral changes, and promoting healthy lifestyle habits. Given that treatment is often complex and prolonged, an individualized approach is necessary, taking into account the physiological, psychological, and social aspects of the disease. Nurses collaborate with doctors, psychologists, social workers, and other professionals to ensure comprehensive care. The role of nurses includes administering prescribed therapy, monitoring patients' physical and mental conditions, and providing continuous psychosocial support, which is essential for achieving and maintaining abstinence. The most common challenges in working with patients include their reluctance to start and maintain treatment, as well as the possibility of relapse, making it crucial to establish trust and motivate patients for lasting change. Through expertise, empathy, and a professional approach, nurses significantly contribute to the successful recovery and reintegration of patients into society, providing both medical and psychological support. |
