| Abstract | Tema ovog diplomskog rada je Mogućnost primjene art terapije u kontekstu nastave likovne kulture u primarnom obrazovanju, a koncipiran je od teorijskog i praktičnog dijela. U psihologiji se koriste crteži kao dijagnostičko sredstvo. Jedan od oblika psihoterapije je art terapija koja koristi stvaralašvo likovnog procesa kao sredstvo za rješavanje problema. Art terapija se temelji na korištenju kreativnih postupaka likovnih tehnika kako bi riješila traume i unutarnje sukobe te kako bi se istražili osjećaji. Art terapija se razvija u 20. stoljeću, a prvi koji se koristio izrazom „art terapija“ bio je umjetnik Adrian Hill 1942. godine. Utemeljiteljem prvog britanskog programa art terapije, odnosno ocem iste smatra se Edward Adamson. Art terapija je potpuno drugačiji pristup i shvaćanje umjetnosti te likovnog izražavanja. To je pristup s ciljem unapređenja zdravlja i bržeg oporavka djeteta, neverbalna forma izražavanja misli i osjećaja. Istražujući likovne tehnike i materijale kroz likovnu aktivnost djeca imaju mogućnost izraziti svoje misli, pogled na svijet, ideje i osjećaje. Tako dijete ima mogućnost osloboditi onu nevidljivu, osobnu stranu kao i one duboko potisnute osjećaje, koje otkrivamo „čitajući“ crtež. Tako pronalazimo i razumijevamo dječje psihičke procese i pronalazimo veze s podsvjesnim i potisnutim sadržajima. Važan dio odgojno-obrazovnog procesa je likovna kultura, čije djelovanje jako utječe na kognitivni, emocionalni, motorički i socijalni razvoj djeteta. Dijete samo pronalazi likovno stvarnje, a učitelj mu mora ponuditi mogućnost za likovno izražavanje i prihvatiti likovni izraz djeteta. Bitno je djetetu osigurati vrijeme i prostor, kao i pristup tehnikama i materijalima. Također, pružiti mu slobodu i priliku za njegovo izražavanje. Kada je to sve omogućeno, tada likovni radovi djeteta postaju prikaz njegovih negativnih, ali i pozitivnih osjećaja. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je istražiti art terapiju te utvrditi mogućnost primjene art terapijskih vještina i metoda u okviru nastavne likovne kulture u primarnom obrazovanju. Isto tako, cilj je i istražiti na koji način potaknuti učenike da crtežom izraze svoje unutarnje stanje u nastavi likovne kulture. |
| Abstract (english) | This diploma thesis is composed of a theoretical and a practical part. In psychology, drawings are used as a diagnostic tool. One of the forms of psychotherapy is art therapy, which uses the creative art process as a means to solve problems. Art therapy is based on the use of creative procedures and character techniques to resolve trauma, internal conflicts and explore feelings. Art therapy develops in the 20th century, and the first to use the term "art therapy" was the artist Adrian Hill, in 1942. Edward Adamson is considered the father of art therapy as the founder of the first art therapy program in Bitania. Art therapy is a completely different approach and understanding of art, artistic expression, an approach aimed at improving the health and faster recovery of the child, it is a form of nonverbal expression of thoughts and feelings. By exploring art techniques and materials through an art activity, children have the opportunity to express their thoughts, world view, ideas, and feelings. Thus, the child has the possibility to release the invisible, personal side as well as those deeply suppressed feelings, which we discover by "reading" the drawing. This is how we find and understand children's psychological processes and find connections with subconscious and repressed contents. An important part of the educational process is artistic culture, whose effect is very important on cognitive, affective, motor, and social development of the child. Children finds the artistic creation on his own, and the teacher must offer him the opportunity for artistic expression and accept the child'sexpression . It is important provide the child with time and simply as well as access to techniques and materials. Also give him freedom and opportunity for his expression. When all this is possible, then the child's art works become a representation of his negative as well as positive feelings. The goal of this thesis is to investigate art therapy, and to determine the application of art therapy skills and methods within the framework of art education in primary education, and to investigate how art education can encourage students to express their inner state through drawing |
