The Island of Korčula belongs to the group of islands in the South Dalmatian Island archipelago. Although archaeological research has been dealing with these topics for only the last couple of decades, the gathered information has been proven useful in forming the picture about the prehistoric life of the communities of Korčula, their economy, beliefs and material culture. The island's active life has been recorded in all prehistoric ages, with the earliest evidence dating back to the Upper Palaeolithic, which was characterized by an extremely cold and dry climate. At the time, Korčula still did not have the form of an island but was part of a large land area. The information can be traced to the time of the complete domination of the Illyrian communities, which saw their end in the last decades of the BC when, according to ancient writers, Octavian carried out a violent depopulation of the island. In the first centuries of the Common Era, Korčula was inhabited by a new, Roman population.