Abstract | Pojam gastronomija veže se za kuhanje i sve ono što se uz kuhanje veže. Ona se razlikuje ne samo među pojedinim zemljama nego i među regijama i gradovima. To je posljedica povijesnih okolnosti, zemljopisnog položaja i različitosti društava koji su razvijali razne gastronomske prakse. U novije vrijeme međunarodna kuhinja se pomiješala što je otežalo prepoznavanje izvornosti pojedinih jela. Upravo zato pojedini turisti putuju kako bi otkrili autentična jela u mjestima iz kojih potječu. Uz pomoć te različitosti prepoznajemo područja, budući da jela oslikavaju i mjesto i ljude za koje se mjesto veže. U panonskoj, dinarskoj te jadranskoj regiji razlikuju se načini pripreme raznih jela i njihova konzumacija, odabir namirnica pa samim time i različiti običaji proizašli iz tradicionalne prehrane. Povezanost gastronomije sa identitetom ugrožena je procesom globalizacije. Događa se da je sezonska hrana dostupna tijekom cijele godine što stvara sumnju o kvaliteti tih proizvoda kod kupaca. Javlja se i sve prisutniji trend McDonalizacije, gdje turisti uživaju u već poznatoj i nezdravoj hrani. Kod takvih turista javlja se neofobija hrane, odnosno strah od probavanja nove hrane. S druge strane, u Italiji se razvija trend „Slow Food“-a, koji potiče na konzumaciju zdrave i ekološki uzgojene hrane. Gastronomski turizam omogućuje destinaciji da se razvija održivo tako što nudi specijalitete lokalnih obrtnika te čuva i održava krajobraz. Potražnja za gastronomskim turizmom povećala se posljednjih deset godina i stalno je u porastu. Turistima omogućuje stvaranje novog iskustva samo kroz konzumaciju tradicionalnih proizvoda. Za razvoj ovog selektivnog oblika turizma potrebna je minimalna infrastruktura, organizacija, gostoprimstvo te dobar marketing. Gastroturisti obuhvaćaju sve dobne skupine, oba spola, osobe koje pokazuju interes sa obrazovanje i koje imaju različite prihode. Oni se također vraćaju u destinaciju ukoliko su stvorena dobra iskustva i doživljaji. Ključnu ulogu imaju autohtoni proizvodi, kojih u Lici ima u velikom broju. Posebno su značajni lički krumpir, basa, sir škripavac, rakija šljivovica i drugi. Neki od njih zaštićeni su oznakama kako bi se očuvali od zloupotrebe i prepoznali na tržištu. Autohtona lička jela nisu prepoznata od turista zbog nedovoljno dobre promocije i ulaganja u razvoja ovog oblika turizma. Dakle, turistima u Lici gastronomija nije glavni motiv dolaska u Liku, ali su sudjelovali u gastronomskim iskustvima koja su kod turista na kraju pozitivna. Gastronomska ponuda ima jako dobar potencijal da privuče veći broj turista u destinaciju, čime se ujedno i potvrđuje hipoteza istraživanja. Kako bi se navedeno ostvarilo potrebno je potaknuti veću proizvodnju autohtonih namirnica, obogatiti ponudu restorana takvim namirnicama i ulagati u dodatnu promociju. |
Abstract (english) | The term gastronomy is related to cooking and everything related to cooking. It differs not only between individual countries but also between regions and cities. This is a consequence of historical circumstances, geographical location and diversity of societies that developed various gastronomic practices. In recent times, international cuisine has mixed, which has made it difficult to recognize the originality of certain dishes. This is exactly why some tourists travel to discover authentic dishes in the places they come from. With the help of this diversity, we recognize areas, since the dishes depict both the place and the people to whom the place is associated. In the Pannonian, Dinaric and Adriatic regions, there are different ways of preparing various dishes and their consumption, the choice of dishes, and therefore different customs resulting from traditional eating. The connection between gastronomy and identity is threatened by the process of globalization. It happens that seasonal food is available throughout the year, which creates doubts about the quality of these products among customers. There is also an ever-present trend of McDonalization, where tourists enjoy familiar and unhealthy food. Such tourists have food neophobia, that is, the fear of trying new food. On the other hand, the "Slow Food" trend is developing in Italy, which encourages the consumption of healthy and ecologically grown food. Gastronomic tourism enables the destination to develop sustainably by offering the specialties of local artisans and preserving and maintaining the landscape. The demand for gastronomic tourism has increased in the last ten years and is constantly increasing. It enables tourists to create a new experience only through the consumption of traditional products. The development of this selective form of tourism requires minimal infrastructure, organization, hospitality and good marketing. Gastrotourists include all age groups, both sexes, people who show an interest in education and who have different incomes. They also return to the destination if good experiences have been created. A key role is played by autochthonous products, which are abundant in Lika. Lika potatoes, bass, skripavac cheese, plum brandy and others are especially important. Some of them are protected with marks to protect them from abuse and to be recognized on the market. Local dishes from Lika are not recognized by tourists due to insufficient promotion and investment in the development of this form of tourism. So, for tourists in Lika, gastronomy is not the main motive for coming to Lika, but they participated in gastronomic experiences that are ultimately positive for tourists. The gastronomic offer has a very good potential to attract a larger number of tourists to the destination, which also confirms the research hypothesis. In order to achieve the above, it is necessary to encourage greater production of autochthonous dishes, to enrich the offer of restaurants with such dishes and to invest in additional promotion. |