Title Kognitivna rezerva osoba oboljelih od multiple skleroze Title (english) Cognitive reserve in multiple sclerosis Author Ana Jovanović Mentor Lozena Ivanov (mentor)Committee member Lozena Ivanov (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Nataša Šimić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Matilda Nikolić Ivanišević (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zadar Defense date and country 2022-07-19, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract Multipla skleroza (MS) je progresivna neurološka bolest karakterizirana demijelinizacijom neurona u središnjem živčanom sustavu. Oboljele osobe se suočavanju s nepredvidivošću simptoma, promijenjenim stanjem mobilnosti, neizvjesnošću, što posredno dovodi do promjena u radnom, obiteljskom i društvenom funkcioniranju. Nadalje, kognitivne poteškoće uobičajeno su kliničko obilježje MS-a. Jedan od zaštitnih faktora kod smanjenja kognitivnih sposobnosti osoba oboljelih od MS-a mogla bi biti kognitivna rezerva. Naime, kognitivna rezerva (KR) hipotetski je konstrukt temeljen na plastičnosti mozga prema kojemu životna iskustva odnosno Indikatori KR (Obrazovanje, Zanimanje i Slobodne aktivnosti) mogu biti zaštitni faktor kod smanjenja kognitivnih sposobnosti uslijed bolesti povezanih sa starenjem i/ili neuropatološkim promjenama. Dakle, osobe s višom KR mogu se bolje oduprijeti dobnim i patološkim promjenama povezanih s bolestima u odnosu na osobe s nižom KR. Također, MS se najčešće javlja u ranoj odrasloj dobi, te se obzirom na simptomatologiju bolesti može odraziti na zadovoljstvo životom oboljelih. Razine obrazovanja i zaposlenja povezane su sa zadovoljstvom životom, što je važno kod razvoja same bolesti. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio ispitati razinu kognitivne rezerve kod osoba oboljelih od multiple skleroze. Korišteni su Upitnik KR te Skala zadovoljstva životom. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 60 sudionika, 30 oboljelih od MS-a te 30 zdravih kontrolnih sudionika. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da nema razlika u KR između osoba oboljelih od MS-a i zdravih sudionika. Iako kod oba uzorka Indikatori zanimanja i slobodnih aktivnosti nisu bili povezani sa zadovoljstvom životom, osobe s MS-om s višom razinom Obrazovanja imale su i više rezultate na Skali zadovoljstva životom, dok kod zdravih sudionika nije utvrđena takva povezanost. Unatoč tome što u ovom istraživanju nije utvrđena razlika u KR između dvije grupe sudionika, postoji potreba za daljnjim istraživanjima u ovom području. Naime, obzirom na težinu bolesti MS-a i različite razine progresije, važna je rana intervencija koja može usmjeriti ka obogaćivanju životnih iskustva koji bi ojačali KR kao mogući zaštitni faktor.
Abstract (english) Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological disease characterized by demyelination of neurons in the central nervous system. Even in the early stages of MS, cognition, emotional well-being, quality of life, everyday activities and ability to work can be affected. As the disease progresses, increasing disability poses a burden on people with MS and on their families. One of the protective factors in reducing the cognitive deficits of people with MS could be cognitive reserve (KR). KR is a hypothetical construct based on brain plasticity according to which life experiences that is, KR proxies (number of years of education and vocational training, types of occupation, leisure activities) can be a protective factor in reducing cognitive deficits due to age-related diseases or neuropathological changes. Thus, individuals with a higher KR may better resist age - and - disease related pathological changes than individuals with a lower KR. Onset of MS is usually in early adulthood and symptomatology of the disease can affect patient's life satisfaction. Levels of education and employment are associated with life satisfaction, which are important factor in the disease progression. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the level of cognitive reserve in people with multiple sclerosis. The CRIq and Life Satisfaction Scale were used. A total of 60 participants took part in the study, 30 people with MS and 30 healthy controls. The results showed there are no differences in CR between people with MS and healthy controls. Also, in both samples, proxies of occupation and leisure activities were not associated with life satisfaction. However, people with MS and higher level of education proxy had higher results on the Life Satisfaction Scale, while no such association was found in healthy controls. Although results in this study did not show any differences in CR between the two groups of participants, more research is needed in this area. Given the severity of MS and variations in its progression, early intervention is important. It can lead to enriching life experiences that could build up KR as a possible protective factor.
Keywords
multipla skleroza
kognitivna rezerva
CRIq
zadovoljstvo životom
Keywords (english)
multiple sclerosis
cognitive reserve
CRIq
life satisfaction
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:091237 Study programme Title: Psychology Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2022-08-23 08:41:54
