| Abstract | Starozavjetna sveta mjesta su izvor i korito današnjeg izgleda i funkcija svetih mjesta. Štoviše, ona su i uzroci ponašanja religioznih ljudi te suvremenih geopolitičkih previranja. Glavna svrha i ciljevi ovog rada jesu analizirati događaje koji su se zbili u starozavjetnom razdoblju, utvrditi neraskidiv odnos Boga i starozavjetnog naroda u prostoru koji se očituje kroz oblikovanje identiteta i povijesti (sekularno-vjerske) Židova i prikazati njihov utjecaj na današnje poimanje, značaj i funkcije svetih mjesta u Svetoj zemlji. Prvo, osnova proučavanja starozavjetnih svetih mjesta je bila Biblija, posebno njen prvi dio koji je relevantan za židovski narod, Stari zavjet ili Tora. Proučavanjem i pomnim bilježenjem mjesta i događaja u tim knjigama došlo se je do 21 svetog mjesta koja su temelj identiteta i povijesti židovskog naroda. Drugi alat pri pisanju ovog rada kojim se poslužilo jest geografija religija i s njom u vezi biblijska geografija koji su omogućili spoznaju o položaju, reljefu i klimi te utjecaj na razvitak trgovine, prometa i cjelokupnog gospodarstva starozavjetnog prostora. Zatim proučavanjem arheoloških zapisa se potvrdilo postojanje tih mjesta i omogućila rekonstrukcija događaja koji su zapisani u Bibliji. Posljednje, teološkim radovima i uz pomoć biblijske egzegeze upotpunila se relevantnost i opravdala korelacija i uzajamnost prostora i odnosa Boga sa židovskim narodom čiji je ishod dobio oblik u konkretnom prostoru: svetim mjestima. Religija je još uvijek vrlo važan kulturni sustav koji oblikuje narode i prostor, utječe na druge narode i njihova ponašanja, djelatnosti i navike koji oblikuju njima poseban kulturni krajolik. Gradnja svetih mjesta je bila odgovor čovjeka na pojam svetoga, nadnaravnoga, a ostavština izgleda i funkcije svetih mjesta ogleda se u današnjim sinagogama i crkvama te hodočašćima. Može se reći kako su navedena sveta mjesta, mjesta privrženosti svakog Židova (pa i kršćana), na različitim razinama, ovisno o uplivu subjektivnosti i afektivne vezanosti za pojedino mjesto. |
| Abstract (english) | Old Testament sacred places are the source and trough of today’s appearance and function of sacred places. Moreover, they are also the cause of the behaviours of religious people and contemporary geopolitical turbulence. The main purpose and goals of this paper are to analyze the events that took place in the Old Testament period, to establish the unbreakable relationship between God and the Old Testament people in the area manifested through the formation of identity and history (secular-religious) of the Jews and show their impact on today's understanding functions of sacred places in the Holy Land. Firstly, the basis of the study of Old Testament sacred places was the Bible, especially the first part which is relevant to the Jewish people, the Old Testament, or the Torah. Through the study and careful recording of the places and events in these books, 21 sacred places were identified which serve as the foundation for the identity and history of the Jewish people. Another tool used in writing this paper is the geography of religions and related biblical geography, which provide knowledge about the location, relief, and climate and the impact on the development of trade, transport, and the entire economy of the Old Testament area. Then the study of archaeological records confirmed the existence of these places and enabled the reconstruction of the events recorded in the Bible. Lastly, theological works, with the help of biblical exegesis, complemented the relevance and justified the correlation and reciprocity of space and God's relationship with the Jewish people, the outcome of which was shaped in a specific space: sacred places. Religion is still a very important cultural system that shapes peoples and space, influences other peoples and their behaviours, activities and habits that shape their special cultural landscape. The construction of sacred places was man's response to the notion of the sacred, the supernatural, and the legacy of the appearance and function of sacred places is reflected in today's synagogues and churches, and pilgrimages. It can be said that the sacred places are places of attachment of every Jew (even a Christian), listed on different levels, depending on the influence of subjectivity and affective attachment to a particular place. |
