This final thesis was made on the topic of recognizing the signs of a life-threatening situation for a child. All signs and symptoms should be recognized in time to avoid a lethal outcome. General assessment, primary assessment with resuscitation, secondary assessment with emergency treatment, and chronic care are key factors in a clinical assessment. A detailed examination looks for accompanying signs that indicate the disease; assessment of airways and respiratory status, circulation, and neurological signs. In prehospital care, the main task includes a systemic approach, time as a key factor, establishing control, and assessing circumstances. The aim of this thesis is to point out to the reader the importance of knowing the basic life support procedures, and the sequence of procedures. Previously mentioned are the conditions that are important to recognize and react to in time to avoid unwanted consequences or death. The clinical picture of each of the conditions is described in detail, as well as the treatment procedures to identify the conditions that require urgent intervention in time.