Title Groundbreaking CGI in Hollywood Films
Title (croatian) Revolucionarna RGG u hollywoodskim filmovima
Author Luka Antonio Gotovac
Mentor Rajko Petković (mentor)
Committee member Rajko Petković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Marko Lukić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Vesna Ukić Košta (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zadar (Department of English) Zadar
Defense date and country 2018-09-24, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline HUMANISTIC SCIENCES Art Sciences Filmology
Abstract Computer-generated imagery (CGI) has been a consistent and important part of Hollywood films over the course of the past several decades. It can be defined as the art of using computer programs to create digital characters or settings in the frame of a movie. Computer generated effects are a sub-category of special effects, along with visual and physical effects. The most important stages of creating CGI are: pre-visualization, scanning, modeling and rendering. CGI began to be used in the 1950s and 1960s mostly in the military, but it did not appear in movies until the second half of the 1970s, the first significant CG effect being used in Futureworld (1976). After The Juggler's motion capture effect was introduced in 1981, CGI slowly began to be used in movies throughout the 1980s, but it had only a marginal role, except in Tron (1982) where it was used extensively. In the 1990s CGI was given more credit, as it was used as a support to the story of the movies. This was the golden era of CGI application, introducing incredible advancements in facial and motion capture in Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991), first photorealistic CG dinosaurs on film in Jurassic Park (1993), first fully computer animated film with Toy Story (1995), and many others. In the 2000s, further innovations were invented in facial capture technology in the films The Lord of the Rings (2001-2003) and Avatar (2009). In the 2010s CGI became its own trap. Its extensive use is overshadowing the storyline and its primary purpose of supporting the story is getting lost. Despite of this, movies showing vast CG battle-scenes are the highest-grossing ones.
Abstract (croatian) Tokom posljednjih desetljeća, računalno generirana grafika (RGG) je dosljedan i važan dio hollywoodskih filmova. Može biti definirana kao vještina korištenja računalnih programa u svrhu stvaranja digitalnih likova ili okoline u filmskim kadrovima. Računalno generirani efekti su potkategorija specijalnih efekata, kao što su i vizualni i fizički efekti. Najvažnije faze u kreiranju RGG-a su: predvizualizacija, skeniranje, modeliranje i renderiranje. RGG se počela koristiti u 1950-ima i 1960-ima, ponajviše u vojsci, no nije se pojavljivala u filmovima sve do druge polovice 1970-ih i prvog značajnog RG efekta korištenog u filmu Svijet budućnosti (1976). Nakon što je 1981 animacijom The Juggler uveden efekt snimanja pokreta, RGG se pomalo počela koristiti u filmovima 1980-ih, no imala je samo rubnu ulogu, osim u filmu Tron (1982) gdje je opsežno korištena. U 1990-ima RGG je dobila više prostora, budući da je bila korištena u svrhu podupiranja radnje u filmovima. To je bilo zlatno doba primjene RGG-a koje je iznjedrilo nevjerojatne napretke u tehnologiji snimanja pokreta i lica u filmu Terminator 2: Sudnji dan (1991), prve filmske fotorealistične RG dinosaure u filmu Jurski park (1993), prvi u potpunosti računalno animirani film Priča o igračkama (1995), i mnoge druge. 2000-ih godina došlo je do dodatnih inovacija u tehnologiji facijalnog snimanja u filmovima Gospodar prstenova (2001-2003) i Avatar (2009). 2010-ih godina RGG je postala samoj sebi zamka. Njena opsežna uporaba zasjenjuje radnju filma, a njena primarna svrha podupiranja radnje se gubi. Unatoč tome, filmovi koji prikazuju opsežne RG bitke su gledaniji.
Keywords
computer-generated imagery
CGI
computer-generated
CG
scanning
rendering
facial capture
motion capture
Keywords (croatian)
računalno generirana grafika
RGG
računalno generirani
RG
skeniranje
renderiranje
facijalno snimanje
snimanje pokreta
Language english
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:254959
Study programme Title: English Language and Literature (double major); specializations in: Teaching, Research Course: Teaching Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra engleskog jezika i književnosti (magistar/magistra engleskog jezika i književnosti)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
Terms of use
Created on 2019-04-05 09:38:01