| Abstract | U radu je na temelju desetogodišnjih terenskih istraživanja izvršen fonološki opis mjesnog govora Zaglava na Dugom otoku koji pripada srednjočakavskom dijalektu. U uvodu je najprije dan pregled zaglavske povijesti, kulture i civilizacije, potom se govori o proučavanju zaglavskoga govora nekoć i danas, kao i o odnosu govornika prema vlastitom idiomu, iznose se ciljevi i postavljaju hipoteze, da bismo na kraju prikazali metodologiju. Potom slijedi glavni dio rada u kojem smo nastojali ponuditi što pouzdaniji prikaz vokalnih, konsonantskih i prozodijskih odlika proučavanog idioma. Na to su nas dodatno motivirali propusti prethodnih istraživača, kao i munjevite promjene kojima smo svjedoci u govoru mlađih naraštaja. Stoga je istraživanje bilo primarno orijentirano na govor starije dobne skupine, naročito onih govornika koji su zadovoljavali dijalektološke kriterije. Međutim, pomno je istražen i govor srednje i mlađe dobne skupine, kako bi se utvrdilo u kojoj su mjeri u njih očuvane tipične čakavske jezične crte, odnosno koliki je udio (novoštokavskih) inovacija, te je li dodir sa susjednim govorima, posebno saljskim, ostavio kakva traga na njihov govor. Zatečeno je stanje uspoređivano s ostalim dugootočkim čakavskim govorima, a ponekad, kada se to činilo korisnim, i s nekim drugim govorima, i to ne samo onima srednjočakavske fizionomije. Prikaz je načelno sinkronijski, a prema potrebi se daju dijakronijska tumačenja. Utvrđeno je da se govor konzervativnih govornika odlikuje čuvanjem čakavskih elemenata, ali i nekim inovacijama, koje pripisujemo utjecaju doseljenika novoštokavaca još negdje u 16., 17. st. Potonje se ponajviše odnosi na ograničenje ostvarivanja kratkosilaznog akcenta na završnim otvorenim slogovima te na nerazlikovnost intonacije. Nekonzervativni pokazuju još jaču tendenciju regresivnog pomicanja akcenta, ali je u njih posvjedočena i prevlast inovacija na planu vokalizma i konsonantizma, uz neke iznimke (npr. dosljedno čuvanje x, f, jd, jt, razlikovanje č i t’). Može se reći da fonologiju zaglavskoga govora obilježava prožimanje arhaičnih i inovativnih elemenata. |
| Abstract (english) | The paper is based on ten years of field research followed by phonological description of the local speech of Zaglav on Dugi Otok, which belongs to Middle Čakavian dialect. The introductory section first provides an overview of Zaglavian history, culture and civilization, and then there is a talk about the study of Zaglavian speech in the past and nowadays and about the relationship between the speaker and his own idiom. The goals are summed up, the hypothesis are set, and at the end, we represent methodology. This is followed by the main part of the work in which we have tried to offer a more reliable display of vocal, consonant and prosodic features of studied idiom. We were further motivated by omissions of previous researchers, as well as lightning-fast changes we are witnessing in the speech of younger generations. Therefore, the research was primarily oriented at older age group’s speech, especially those speakers who satisfied dialectological criteria. However, middle and younger age group’s speech was carefully researched, too, to determine the extent to which they preserved the typical Čakavian linguistic lines, i.e. what is the proportion of (Neo-Štokavian) innovations, and if the touch with neighboring speeches, especially of Sali, has left a kind of mark on their speech. The current situation was compared with the rest of Čakavian dialects of Dugi Otok, and sometimes, when it seemed useful, with some other speeches, and not just those of Middle Čakavian physiognomy. Principle is mainly synchronic and, if necessary, diachronic interpretations are given. It was found that the speech of conservative speakers is characterized by keeping Čakavian elements, as well by some innovations, which are attributed to the influence of Neo-Štokavian immigrants somewhere in the 16th,17th centuries. The latter applies in particular to limiting the realization of short falling accent on the final open syllables and on point of intonation concealment. Non-conservative ones show a stronger tendency of regressive moving accent, but the predominance of innovation is being witnessed in them in the field of vocalism and consonantism, with some exceptions (e.g., consistently keeping the x, f, jd, jt, differentiation of č and t’). It can be said that the intertwining of archaic and innovative elements marks phonology of Zaglavian speech. |
