Stone tools are one of the most important features of early humans’ lives that provides information on development and behavior of hominins, way of life, movements of human populations, cultural achievements, technological and existential characteristics, communication between particular communities, and the settlement of particular geographical areas. Stone objects and manufacturing techniques change and evolve over time. The first part of the paper deals with techniques in the Lower and Middle Paleolithic. The Oldowan industry is the oldest archeological material culture of the Lower Paleolithic, and the typical type of tool is a chopper. The most commonly used technique is the direct percussion with a stone hammer. With the arrival of the Pleistocene and changing climate conditions, a new, Acheulean industry is emerging. It is divided into two phases, with characteristic tools including hand axes, axes and scrapers. A bifacial technique was used to make the hand axe, and a very important innovation was the use of a soft hammer. The most important industry of the Middle Paleolithic is the Mousterian from which local variants of Chatelperronian and Seletien develop. It is divided into four types and is characterized by a wide range of stone tools. The predominant technique is Levallois, which developed at the end of the Lower Paleolithic. In the second part focus is on techniques that were dominant in the Upper Paleolithic. The soft hammer was mainly used for retouching stone tools, and the antler bone was most commonly used. The indirect percussion technique is performed with the help of an indirect tool in the form of a soft hammer. The core is pre-prepared, and the advantage of this technique is the control of the angle of impact and higher precision of manufacturing. The pressure technique was used to make blades, bladelets and microliths. Pressure could be performed by hand, shoulder, chest or abdomen. The most characteristic products made by pressure are Solutrean laurel-leaf points. Heat treatment changes the physicochemical properties of a material for technical purposes. It made it easier to knapp the stone, and the heating and cooling process itself had to be done gradually and evenly. Microlithization led to the appearance of geometric microliths, which were most often parts of a composite tool, leading to more efficient and safer long-distance hunting. A more complex design and frequent upgrading of the composite tool requires a greater degree of planning and provision of all the components required to produce it.